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Green Building Design

Green Building Design. Overview. Convergent design problem involving innovation and resource preservation Prioritizing energy and resource management in our day-to-day lives. Green Building Design. Presenters: Kenneth Chan Jane Yip BESc. Civil.

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Green Building Design

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  1. Green Building Design

  2. Overview • Convergent design problem involving innovation and resource preservation • Prioritizing energy and resource management in our day-to-day lives

  3. Green Building Design Presenters: Kenneth Chan Jane Yip BESc. Civil

  4. Attach to the Spencer Engineering Building on its East wall A passageway is designed on the 2nd floor which will provide access to the Thompson Engineering Building. Entrance to Spencer Engineering Building on 2nd and 3rd floor The Engineering Green Building will be 33m by 32.5m 4 floors-each with a height of 13ft Project Location & Dimensions

  5. Common facilities (Computer lab, club space, reference libraries, student workspace, etc) Green water fountain feature with irrigation water system (symbolization of earth) Atrium (natural sunlight, enhance air quality) Shades (solar panels) 1st Floor - Students

  6. 19 standard size offices 2 conference rooms 2 Dean offices with reception space Green balcony (green grid system) 2nd Floor- Faculty members

  7. 17 (4) grad students offices 6 Admin offices 2 Standard Laboratories 3rd Floor – Graduate students

  8. 6 Standard Laboratories 2 Seminar Rooms 4th floor - Laboratories

  9. Elt Green System Pre-grown interlock green roof tiles 100cm x 100cm Advantages Help addressthe Urban Heat Island Effect storm water runoff Green roof

  10. Structural Design • Fly Ash Concrete • Inert & Non-Toxic (Study conduted by David Budac at UWO) • Uses Recycled Materials • Saves Energy by 32% to 44% (Study conducted by Piete VanderWerf at University of Boston) • Early Stage of design, a 1-way & 2-way gravity flooring system supporting by Beams & Columns • Modified to become a flat slab system with drop panels

  11. Loading Summary (OBC’1997)

  12. Loading Summary (OBC’1997)

  13. Slab • Slab thickness : 270mm • (A23.3 Cl. 13.3.4) • Drop Panel Thickness : 200mm • Panel Size: 1300 mm X 1300 mm • (A23.3 Cl. 13.11.6) 1300mm

  14. Transfer loads at level 2,3,4 & Roof into the ground Length = 3m Square columns 400 x 400 mm Span Length = 6.25m and 6.55m Column Design

  15. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design is a rating system that is created by the U.S Green Building Council. provides a common standard and complete framework for assessing building performance and sustainability goals. Achieved 26 points (Rank Certified,26 – 32 points) Scoring Categories (Sustainable Sites, Material & Resources) 10+ points contribution by electrical, mechanical and software departments Final performance level = Silver LEED Certification

  16. Incorporating an Alternative Energy into the HVAC System for Green Building Design Presenter: John Cummings BESc. Mechanical

  17. Modeling the Building • The building was modeled using HAP 4.2 in order to determine the peak heating and cooling loads, which were 2165MBtu/hr, 99 tons respectively. • Each floor was broken down into 5 zones, north, south, west and east exterior, as well as an interior zone. • The system was then designed based on the cooling loads.

  18. HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP Closed Loop System Geothermal System

  19. System Design Intake Exhaust FRESH AIR UNIT BOILER ZONE HP

  20. Capital Costs * Projections from 2005 project, quote from Empire Construction ** Priced from Trane

  21. Capital Costs *Oil furnace @ 60% efficiency*Electric furnace @ 100% efficiency*Propane furnace @ 70% efficiency *Ground Source Heat Pump COP 3.15

  22. Costs of System *COP of 1.5 **COP of 3.35

  23. Simple Payback

  24. CO2 Emissions * Emissions rates 114.4 lb / GJ of natural gas and 0.88 lb/kw-hr

  25. Pluggable Automated Conditioning System Presenter: Usman Choudhary BESc. Software

  26. Software for the Green • Control Environment • Design approach to converge multiple control systems • Framework design ensures a better expandability of the control systems in case of future enhancements

  27. Implementation Details • Unified Modeling Language Design • Rational Rose • Implementation • Data Acquisition Card • Microsoft Visual Studio .Net Framework • C# / C++ • MySQL Database Server • Structured Query Language

  28. Interface-Oriented Design • Interfaces outline business contracts • E.g. Getting sensor value; Set Maximum Limit etc. • Expandability • Business contracts are inherited • Flexibility • Interface defines object interactions

  29. Business Class Design

  30. Business Case

  31. Database Design

  32. Functionality Overview • Setup and Manage Sensors, Units of Measure, Controls • Manage Errors • real time application • On-line interfacing • Poll sensors • Automate events based on sensor results

  33. Weather Watcher • Weather Watcher Expansion to the temperature control system • Allow the system to maintain a temperature in accordance with the external temperature • Use a web service to attain the current temperature and condition the rooms accordingly

  34. Efficient Lighting System For the Green Building Presenters: Billal Zeitoun Shereen Mathews BESc. Electrical

  35. EfficientLighting System for the Green Building • Lighting Technologies to be Used: • T8 F25 ( 2- 4 tubes) • Light Intensity sensor technology (turns off 1or 2 tubes) • Timer technology (turns off 1 or 2 tubes from 12 am - 6am) • Up-lighting • LED (with current drivers) • In elevators • Task lighting • Exit signs • Compact Fluorescents • Timer technology (turns off one tube from 12 am -6am) • Motion sensors • Light Shelves & Sky lights • Future Technology: Light pipes • With Reflective material

  36. Light Intensity Sensor Circuit for Fluorescents Turn off one tube in a 2 tube fixture ( or 2 tubes off in a 4 tube fixture) when intensity goes below 25fc. Prototype can be demonstrated after the presentation • The Fluorescent Timer • A 555 Timer installed to the Fluorescent fixtures • Between 12am and 6am, half of the tubes in a fixture will turn off in hallways.

  37. White LEDs • Innovative technology • Can be used for illuminating purposes • Up to 47 lumen/watts • Satisfy lighting requirements of elevators – 10 fc • Lasts 10 times longer than fluorescents • No UV • Needs constant current for uniform brightness • Prototype demonstration during Q & A session

  38. Light Shelf Design • Prevent the sunrays from coming in contact with the equipment and material. • Increase the intensity of the light in the space by reflecting the sunrays onto its ceiling. • Very cost effective and extremely helpful specially in the laboratories.

  39. Financial Analysis Space “1”, using T8 F25 only with timer or/and light sensors (hallways, inner offices) Space “2”, using CFL with timer or/and light sensors (Vestibules, washrooms, café, stairs) Space “3” using LED (elevators, task lighting) Space “4” using T8 F25 and task lighting [LED] with light sensors (offices) LLF = 0.75 CU = 0.66 @ $ 0.058/kWh • 40% more savings than T8 F32 • 64% more savings than T5 • Payback = 4 - 6 years * new installation costs

  40. Environment Impact Average Reduced Air Pollution (lbs. Carbon Dioxide) = Energy Savings (kWh) x 1.6 lbs = 336,000 Average Reduced Air Pollution (g. Sulphur Dioxide) = Energy Savings (kWh) x 5.3 g = 2451 Average Reduced Air Pollution (g. Nitrogen Oxides) = Energy Savings (kWh) x 2.8 g = 1295 Reduction of Light Pollution Using IESNA cut-off standard for egress lighting Reduce the amount of light wasted lighting up the atmosphere Timer and sensor technology Suitable at low temperatures – Metal halide lamps Cut-off lighting fixtures for proper shielding

  41. Summary Light Technology: F25 T8 with light sensors and timers LEDs for illuminating elevators, washrooms (motion detectors), task lighting, signage Compact Fluorescents Improved use of Day-lighting: Light shelves and up-lighting Better working environment Light Sensors Reduced Light Pollution: Efficient shielding Cost Savings: $5080/year at $0.058/kWh Payback: 4-6 years Future Technology

  42. Energy System Design for the Green Building Presenters: Noella Mabaya Cassie Chow BESc. Electrical

  43. System Overview PV Modules Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) Battery banks London Hydro Green building Inverter

  44. MPPT • DC to DC converter • Goal: To optimize the match between solar arrays and battery banks. • Output of the converter is fed to the input of inverter.

  45. Inverter • Power electronic circuit that transforms DC to AC signal. • Goal: Output a sine wave ( at least close to a true sine wave) with 120V rms and a frequency of 60 Hz. • The output is then fed to the Green building by passing through the UPS.

  46. Conclusion of the Proposed Energy System • Goals • To maintain the power system at nominal voltage and frequency. • Generate sufficient power to meet demand of Green Building. • To maintain optimum economy and security in the entire network.

  47. Projects’ Summary • Green Building Design • Incorporating an Alternative Energy into the HVAC System for Green Building Design • Pluggable Automated Conditioning System • Efficient Lighting System For the Green Building • Energy System Design for the Green Building

  48. Thank you Questions and Comments Welcome

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