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a. Examine the construction of the transcontinental railroad including the use of immigrant labor.

SSUSH12: Evaluate how westward expansion impacted the Plains Indians and fulfilled Manifest Destiny. a. Examine the construction of the transcontinental railroad including the use of immigrant labor. Joining of the Transcontinental RR (May 10, 1869). Transcontinental Railroad:.

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a. Examine the construction of the transcontinental railroad including the use of immigrant labor.

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  1. SSUSH12:Evaluate how westward expansion impacted the Plains Indians and fulfilled Manifest Destiny.

  2. a. Examine the construction of the transcontinental railroad including the use of immigrant labor.

  3. Joining of the Transcontinental RR (May 10, 1869)

  4. Transcontinental Railroad: • A rail link between the East and the West • Congress provided money in two ways to build the railroad: 1. loans 2. land grants (gave builders widestretches of land) • Central Pacific laid tracks going east from California • Union Pacific laid tracks going west from Nebraska • Met in Utah in 1869; finally connected the East and West Coast (Manifest Destiny)

  5. Labor to build Transcontinental Railroad: • Central Pacific used Chinese labor • Accepted lower wages • Work was very dangerous (explosives, rock slides, heavy snowfall • Union Pacific used Irish labor

  6. b. Evaluate how the growth of the western population and innovations in farming & ranching impacted the Plains Indians.

  7. Growth of Western Population & Innovations: • Great Plains was originally set aside for Indians & had very little whites that had settled there • RR make it easier for people to move west (transcontinental Railroad - 1869) • Innovations helped to create the increase of white population & effect the Plains Indians *barbed wire: made it possible fence land cheaply, kept livestock from wandering *plow: tackle the difficult soil *grain drill: planted seeds quickly *windmill: tapped underground water

  8. Impact on Plains Indians: • Lifestyle of the Plains Indians is threatened: *Nomadic – move from place to place *Buffalo is important to life • Settlers destroy buffalo population: From 15 million in 1865 to 600 in 1886 • White settlers introduced disease in which Indians had no immunity to

  9. c. Explain the Plains Indians’ resistance to western expansion of the United States and the consequences of their resistance.

  10. Plains Indians’ resistance: • Conflict is over LAND: Indians need for hunting and settlers want it for farming and mining • US agreed to give the SIOUX nation a large reservation of land in the Dakotas • US breaks treaty and moves in when GOLD is found in the Black Hills

  11. Battle of the Little Big Horn: • Gold led to the defeat of the Plains Indians in the northern part of the Great Plains • Sioux leaders: Crazy Horse & Sitting Bull led the Sioux to drive out the US Army • US Army General: George Custer • Battle took place near the Little Big Horn River • Custer & his men stumbled upon 2,000 Indians; Custer and all of his men were killed

  12. Battle at Wounded Knee: • With the loss of many leaders & people, Native American’s fight to defeat the US diminished • Sitting Bull arrested in 1890; confrontation took place & Sitting Bull & others were killed • The rest of the Indians fled, US Army took off after them • Battle took place at Wounded Knee, South Dakota • US Army outnumbered & killed more than 100 men, women, & children who were unarmed • Ended Native American resistance

  13. Chief Big Foot’s BodyWounded Knee, SD, 1890

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