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HOT SEATS TEAM #25

HOT SEATS TEAM #25. Team members: Aaron Mallory (PM) Ali Bouland Misfer Almarri Jawad Zereigat Olanrewaju Adeneyi Alex Singleton Faculty advisor: David Williams. Outline. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (AM) DESIGN SYSTEM WIND DATA (AS) WIND TURBINE (MA) Heater (AB) Microcontroller (JZ)

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HOT SEATS TEAM #25

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  1. HOT SEATS TEAM #25 Team members: Aaron Mallory (PM) Ali Bouland MisferAlmarri JawadZereigat OlanrewajuAdeneyi Alex Singleton Faculty advisor: David Williams

  2. Outline • EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (AM) • DESIGN SYSTEM • WIND DATA (AS) • WIND TURBINE (MA) • Heater (AB) • Microcontroller (JZ) • PROTYPE SYSTEM • PROTOTYPE WIND TURBINE (OA) • ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (AM) • SUMMARY (AS)

  3. Executive Summary • Background • Design a system that can provide heat to bus shelter relying on renewable energy sources in an urban environment • Expectations • Outcome • Design System Cost: $ 5,188 • Prototype Cost: $ 604 • Estimated Time to Implement Design: 9 weeks • Estimated Prototype Build Time: 7 weeks

  4. Design System Block Diagram Wind Turbine Radiant Heater Inverter Micro-controller Generator Net Metering Grid

  5. Wind data • Represent Feasibility Study • Pick a relative location • Weather Stations • Hourly Weather Data from 2009 • Wind Speed, Direction, Air Density

  6. Weather Stations

  7. Wind Radar Graph

  8. Discussion • Annual Power Output • Directional Location • Offset Cost average

  9. Wind Turbine • Options and Chosen Options • Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) • Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) • Vertical Axis Wind Turbine was chosen. The choice can by justified by the following: • Offer benefits in low speed • Tend to be safer, easier to build • Can be more accessible for maintenance • Handle wind turbulence much better than horizontal wind turbines for urban applications.

  10. Wind Turbine Specifications • Start wind speed is 2.3 m/s • Nominal wind speed is 13 m/s • Nominal power 2.2 KW • Number of Blades : six blades • Rotor Diameter is 1.78 m and height is 5.5 m • Rotor Area is 3.56 m2 • Mechanical Break for safety

  11. Wind Turbine Components • 1-The Blades • Consists of six blades • Made of PVC • PVC are strong but flexible • Have exceptional wind capture • 2- Cage mounting plates • Two cage plates : the upper plate and the lower plate • Seen by birds as a solid object so they avoid flying into the turbine • 3- Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) • A direct drive generator with one moving part • Gearbox : No gearbox needed • Permanent Magnet Generator was specially designed for this wind turbine • Produces power at low speeds, eliminating the need for a speed increasing gearbox 2 1 3

  12. Available Power at A given Wind speed

  13. Heating Subsystem • Options studied and justification • Enclose bus station • Much more expensive • Less efficient • Radiant Heaters • Heats people without heating air • Heats up in seconds • Safe, clean, and requires minimum maintenance

  14. Heating Subsystem • American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers Standards • 3200W 60° clear quartz lamps infrared heater • 100% efficient • 96% radiant efficiency • 4% loss to convective heat • Lamps Life Expectancy: 5000 hours

  15. StorageSubsystem • Options studied and justification • Deep Cycle Battery • No battery and connect to grid • No Battery option was chosen • Use grid as an indirect way to store energy • Sell power back to the grid when not needed, and take it back for the load • Why not battery? • Battery capacity decreases significantly in cold weather • Avoid efficiency losses in charging and discharging battery

  16. What is Net Metering? • Net metering is a electricity policy for consumers who own renewable energy systems, such as wind or solar power. • If you are generating more power than you need, power flows back to the utility grid, spinning the existing electricity meter backwards. • When the heater is turned off and the system is still producing electricity, a utility company would purchases that excess electricity at the wholesale price. Additionally, net metering allows the meter to literally be set back.

  17. PIC Microcontroller • Programmed Using assembly language • Programmed for time schedule • MPLAB to convert the program that is written into a format that the PIC understands • MPLAB is windows based, and includes an editor, simulator, and assembler format that the PIC understands • 8086/8088 INTEL MICROPROCESSOR

  18. Prototype System Block Diagram Wind Turbine Radiant Heater Generator Battery Inverter Timer

  19. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

  20. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine • The wind force produces an rpm at the turbine shaft which is affected by a tip speed ratio • The wind turbine was theoretically designed to produce around 14.4 volts out of the generator in around 10 to 12mph winds. • Actual testing of the prototype wind turbine produced our target charging voltage around 14.37 mph

  21. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine • To produce the necessary rpm for the generator there has to be a gearing system implemented • The gearing system used was a V-Belt and pulley system • The ratio found for the gearing was 5:4 ratio

  22. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine • Turbine Blade Base • The upper and lower base of the turbine is made of wooden plates 20” in diameter. • The blades of the turbine were placed on the template on the base. • Blade placement and curvature. • The total area was calculated to be 24.3ft2

  23. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine • Wind turbine Blades and placement • The blades are made out of thin aluminum sheets for its light weight and structural rigidity. • The curvature of the aluminum also serves as structural support

  24. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine • Bearings • Flange and Caster Figure : Flange Bearing Engineering Drawing Figure : Caster Bearing Engineering Drawing

  25. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Wind Turbine Generator

  26. Prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine • Testing results

  27. Parts used for building the Electric system of the prototype • PMA Generator • 12 Volt Battery • 400 W Inverter • 555 Timer • 12 Volt Relay • 125 W Infrared Lamp

  28. Summary • Project overview • Design System • Cost: $ 5,188 • Prototype System • Cost: $ 604 • Project outcome • Future Implementations • Specific Location Wind Study • Larger Turbine • Controller Design

  29. Acknowledgements • The team would like to express our gratitude to those who made this project possible. • David Williams • Dr. Ahmad Al Banna • Brian Snow • Ross O’Connor • Justin Harrell, P.E.

  30. Questions

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