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HOWDY AGS!

Welcome to KINE 426! Exercise Biomechanics 4 hour lecture/lab class 3 contact hrs in lecture 3 contact hrs in laboratory. HOWDY AGS!. Dr. John Lawler - lecture instructor Jeff Hord , Jackie Perticone : laboratory assistants – you will conduct experiments! John Lawler - support

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HOWDY AGS!

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  1. Welcome to KINE 426! Exercise Biomechanics 4 hour lecture/lab class 3 contact hrs in lecture 3 contact hrs in laboratory HOWDY AGS!

  2. Dr. John Lawler - lecture instructor Jeff Hord, Jackie Perticone: laboratory assistants – you will conduct experiments! John Lawler - support Exercise Biomechanics old class name: Kinesiology KINE 426 Team

  3. Kinesiology: The Science of Movement • Kinein – to move • Logos – to discourse or study in a scientific manner • Used today – Division, Departments, broad field

  4. Exercise Biomechanics Performance - techniques Exercise for Rehabilitation, Health, Fitness KINE 426 Usain Bolt

  5. Exercise BiomechanicsIntegrative, Applied Science • Exercise Biomechanics – application of mechanics to musculoskeletal system during exercise

  6. Exercise Biomechanics Integrative, applied, pragmatic science Merging - anatomy, physiology, mechanics 3 prerequisites for class - sports medicine • branch of orthopedics – sports-related injuries KINE 426

  7. Exercise Biomechanics Exercise for Health Reduce risk of chronic diseases Type II diabetes, obesity, heart disease, hypertension, cancer, Alzheimer’s We have the genes of hunter gatherers - engineered for activity to procure food KINE 426

  8. Exercise Biomechanics Exercise for Health Reduce risk of chronic diseases Type II diabetes, obesity, heart disease, hypertension, cancer, Alzheimer’s Exercise modifies specific proteins Ex. NADPH oxidase, nitric oxide synthase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) KINE 426

  9. Bee Prepared! - Read presentations, text, and lab materials before class! Take Notes during class (re)Commit to memory formulae, standard units, muscle anatomy Study Nightly (Don’t Cram!) Prepare for each laboratory! Ask Content questions! Practice, Practice, Practice! KINE 426 – How to Score a great Grade!

  10. Bee Prepared! Bee Positive, Professional, Persistent, and Passionate (the 4 Ps!) KINE 426 – How to Score a great Grade!

  11. It’s all about You Summer 2010 31% As, 62% Bs, 7% Cs Diligence!

  12. Represents the human body as a mechanical system or machine Involves the application of physics and engineering principles during analysis of locomotion (walking, running, etc.), exercise,athletic activities, and rehabilitation (PT, OT, cardiac rehab.) Young discipline --> Technology Computer-equipment interface, cell & molecular biology Exercise Biomechanics

  13. Course Content and Design • Based on a description and set of standards proposed by the American Alliance of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance (AAHPERD) in 1991 • Course Description: “An integrative, mechanistic study of the biomechanics human motion during physical activity and exercise: biology and mechanical properties of the human movement system including bones, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, skeletal muscle, joints, and other whole body mechanisms are investigated.”

  14. Exercise BiomechanicsCourse Structure • A. Whole Body Biomechanics • Muscular anatomy – • Anatomical, linear, angular reference systems • Applying mechanics – exercise • Kinematics (velocity, acceleration) • Kinetics (force, torque, power) • Exercise Applications • Performance techniques • Injury prevention, Rehabilitation • Use, design of exercise, sports equipment • Applications to daily living • Health • Workplace design (Ergonomics)

  15. Exercise BiomechanicsCourse Structure • B. Tissue Biomechanics - components • Bones • Tendons • Ligaments • Cartilage • Injury prevention, Rehabilitation

  16. Skeletal muscle - driving force & power Connective tissue Bones Tendons Ligaments Cartilage Fascia - skeletal muscle Guidance system - receptors (ex. muscle spindles) Processors (brain, spinal cord, motorneurons) The Human Mechanical System(Human Movement System)

  17. Exercise BiomechanicsCourse Structure • C. Skeletal Muscle & Joint Biomechanics • Generation of force, velocity, power • TORQUE @ joints • Running • Back injuries • Weight training machine design

  18. Young discipline --> Technology Classic mechanical, engineering concepts + cool tools Computer-equipment interface, cell & molecular biology Digital Video Laboratory - Research Exercise Biomechanics

  19. Young discipline --> Technology: hands-on Exercise Biomechanics

  20. Young discipline --> Technology: hands-on Exercise Biomechanics

  21. *Optimizing performance, health benefits of exercise Minimizing chronic disease risk, physical fitness, brain development/preservation Doing our best in athletic events Playing safe Pre-hab: preparing connective tissues, muscle Re-hab: promoting recovery after injury Using Exercise Biomechanics

  22. Applications (what’s in it for me?) – Teacher Certification • Understanding the capabilities and limitations of students • Developing age-appropriate activities • Developing activities which are fun, safe, and of benefit to student health

  23. Applications – Wellness/Fitness • Understanding the health maintenance and rehabilitative processes in: • Adult fitness • Qualified personnel • (ACSM certification) National Strength & Conditioning Association, KINE degree

  24. Applications – Applied & Basic Exercise Physiology, Motor Learning • Understanding the health maintenance and rehabilitative processes in: • Athletic training • Triage of sports injuries • Rehab • Conditioning

  25. Applications – Applied & Basic Exercise Physiology, Motor Learning • Understanding the health maintenance and rehabilitative processes in: • Cardiac Rehabilitation • Disease Prevention

  26. Applications – Applied & Basic Exercise Physiology, Motor Learning • Understanding the health maintenance and rehabilitative processes in: • Physical Therapy • Rehab after surgery • Orthopedic injury

  27. Applications – Applied & Basic Exercise Physiology, Motor Learning • Understanding the health maintenance and rehabilitative processes in: • Occupational Therapy • Relearning tasks of daily living

  28. Applications – Applied & Basic Exercise Physiology, Motor Learning • Understanding the health maintenance and rehabilitative processes in: • Medicine • Diagnosing sprain severity • ACL graft surgery • Prosthetics • Arthritis

  29. Applications – Applied & Basic Exercise Physiology, Motor Learning • Understanding the health maintenance and rehabilitative processes in: * Nursing • Recovery from Orthopedic surgery

  30. Applications – Outdoor Education/Recreation • Knowing the physical limitations of human performance in outdoor recreation • Understanding the technical aspects of equipment use and design

  31. Applications – Applied & Basic Exercise Physiology, Motor Learning *Graduate School Research Aging Osteoporosis Parkinson’s Exercise Sedentary lifestyle Diabetes Cardiovascular disease Obesity Muscular dystrophy Spaceflight http://hlknweb.tamu.edu http://redox.tamu.edu •KINE 485, 491 •Internships •Work Study

  32. Integrative, problem solving approach to Exercise Biomechanics “Your mind should be a place where you work things out, not store a bunch of stuff.”- Albert Einstein

  33. Get on Board!

  34. Get on Board! Things move fast in the Summer!

  35. Let’s Jump into Biomechanics!

  36. Integration of Disciplines --> Exercise Biomechanics • Anatomy – the study of body structure and function • Gross (whole body) anatomy • Cellular anatomy • Physiology – study of the integrated function of cells, tissues, and organ systems • Mechanics – branch of physics which studies forces and their effects on mechanical structures

  37. Integration of Disciplines --> --> Exercise Biomechanics • Statics - branch of mechanics dealing with systems in a constant state of motion • Dynamics - branch of mechanics dealing with systems subject to acceleration • Biomechanics: “Application of mechanical principles in the study of living organisms and their function”

  38. ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY MECHANICS BIOMECHANICS SPORTS MEDICINE EXERCISE BIOMECHANICS

  39. Problem solving - Complexity of Human Movement In order to understand the basics, we will use the underlying principle of the human body as a mechanical machine.

  40. Human-made Machine Wears out with use Must replace damaged parts with new ones Designed for a limited number of purposes IBM Deep Blue vs Garry Kasparov (1997) 2-1-3 Human Machine May improve with use Can repair itself (within limits – ex. torn ligament) Joint sprain Muscle soreness tendonitis Capable of learning (diversity of purposes) Andrea Zambrano

  41. Problem Solving - Critical Thinking in Biomechanics: Asking how…? How do forces produced by muscles create movement at the joints? How are running shoes designed to reduce injury and improve running performance? How does joint cartilage act as a shock absorber? How does genetics play a role in muscle power? How do we design prosthetics (ex. artificial knee) to optimize function?

  42. Critical Thinking in Biomechanics: Asking How…? How?

  43. Critical Thinking in Biomechanics: Asking why, how …? • How do muscle forces create torque at joints • The ability to produce rotation • Kinetics: causal analysis of movement Fm joint torque

  44. Critical Thinking in Biomechanics: Asking how, why …? • Why are rotator cuff injuries common in swimming and in baseball/softball? • Why does a curve ball curve? • Why do joint sprains often take so long to heal? • Why are bone fractures common in the elderly? Critical thinking is an important part of biomechanical analysis

  45. Historical Timeline – Combining Classic Knowledge w/ Today’s Tech • Aristotle (382 – 322 BC) • Student of Plato • Founded own school (lyceum) • Wrote extensively on philosophy, politics, logic, natural sciences, and physics • Much of his complete works were lost • Pictured the human body as a machine: muscles cause an action which moves the bones at the joints

  46. Historical Timeline – Combining Classic Knowledge w/ Today’s Tech • Leonardo DaVinci(1452 – 1519) • Artist • Mona Lisa, Last Supper • Scientist • Anatomist (one of the first scientists to make a detailed record of human dissections) • Detailed descriptions of design of skeleton • Illustrated muscle origins and insertions

  47. Historical Timeline – Combining Classic Knowledge w/ Today’s Tech • Sir Isaac Newton (1643 – 1727) • Developed basic Laws of Motion • Invented calculus • Developed the theory of gravity which was held until updated by Einstein’s theories • Founder of the Royal Academy of Sciences • Despite his contributions to science, Newton’s primary investigations were into Biblical text

  48. Historical Timeline – Combining Classic Knowledge w/ Today’s Tech • Thomas Alva Edison • (from Menlo Park, NJ) • 1093 inventions including: • the electric light bulb, voice transmitter (amplifier), answering machine, and phonograph • Invented motion pictures in 1888 • He used a roll of film called a kinetoscope • Quote from Edison: “Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.”

  49. Historical Timeline – Combining Classic Knowledge w/ Today’s Tech • Computers • transistor (1940s - common by ‘60s) • microcomputers • 1960s: NASA • 1970s: research • 1980s: public - Apple, IBM, Compaq, Dell, etc.

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