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Enhancing USMC Marksmanship Through Advanced Distributed Learning Techniques

This project aims to develop assessment models and tools to improve marksmanship amongst Navy and Marine Corps personnel using advanced distributed learning methodologies. Focusing on the low qualification rates and the need for effective training, it seeks to move personnel from unqualified to expert marksman status. Through field research, knowledge acquisition, and cognitive assessments, the project aims to increase shooting performance and confidence while saving time and resources in training environments. Detailed evaluations of both cognitive and perceptual-motor factors affecting shooting performance will inform remediation strategies.

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Enhancing USMC Marksmanship Through Advanced Distributed Learning Techniques

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  1. ONR Advanced Distributed Learning The USMC Marksmanship Application 17 July, 2003 Bill Bewley Allen Munro Greg Chung Josh Walker Girlie Delacruz USC/BTL UCLA/CRESST 2003 Regents of the University of California

  2. The KMT Project • The Problem • Assessment models and tools are needed to help Navy, Marine, and contractor personnel evaluate, design and use Distributed Learning • Project Goals • Develop and test models and tools on real applications • Content knowledge: USMC marksmanship (02-03) • Problem solving: USN EDO (Engineering Duty Officer) training and one other domain (03)

  3. Unqualified Marksman Sharpshooter Expert The First Application: HUEY • HUEY: “UNQ to Expert” • In 2002, about 45% of Marines are shooting lower than Expert • About 2% of Marines are unqualified • About half need two tries to qualify • The goal: Move all Marines to Expert classification

  4. The KMT Plan • Assess and remediate potential unqualified Marines before they reach the firing line—on-line—using USMC and ONR training approaches • Research Questions • What are the critical types of knowledge that affect shooting performance? • To what extent can cognitively-based measures predict USMC rifle shooting performance?

  5. The Payoff • Save time • Save money • Increase shooting scores

  6. What’s Wrong With This Picture?

  7. And What Would Cause This Shot Pattern?

  8. Who Cares? • The answers are important if you want to be a good marksman

  9. Who Cares? • And marksmanship is not easy • A shooter must routinely hit a 19-inch circular area at 500 yards in the prone position

  10. 500 yards: • 1.5 times the distance between the top row of opposite end zones of the LA Coliseum Who Cares? • A 1/16 inch muzzle deflection will cause a miss of over 2 feet at 500 yards

  11. What We Did • Field research • Knowledge acquisition + staff expertise • Develop and pilot test draft assessments • Delivery infrastructure • BTL’s iRides authoring system • BTL’s Battlesight Zero and Databook simulations integrated with the CRESST Knowledge Mapper

  12. Steadiness Prior shooting experience* Device-fire performance Perceptual-Motor Environ-ment Equip-ment Cognitive Affective Variables: The Big Picture Rifle Marksmanship Performance • Training effects* • Aptitude* • Knowledge of shooting* • Confidence • Anxiety* • Attitudes* • Ballistics • Rifle character-istics • Weather • Distance * = attempted to measure in current studies

  13. Marksmanship Inventory Knowledge Assessment • Evaluates prior knowledge, knowledge transfer of fundamentals instruction • Paper or online

  14. Marksmanship Knowledge Mapper • Trainees diagram key marksmanship concepts and relationships • Fundamentals • Shot-to-shot explanation • Data book procedure • Score against a “doctrine” map produced by Quantico WTB staff

  15. Mapper: Fundamentals

  16. Mapper: Shot-to-Shot

  17. Mapper: Data Book Procedure

  18. Shot Group Depiction

  19. Evaluation of Shooting Positions • Assess and correct fundamental problems with shooter’s body position and the resulting impact on performance

  20. Evaluation of Shooting Positions

  21. Affective Measures • Trait worry about qualification trial • Trait anxiety about qualification trial • State worry (pre- and post-qualification) about qualification trial • State anxiety (pre- and post-qualification) about qualification trial

  22. Sample Description SLR = Sustainment-Level Rifle Marksmanship ELR = Entry-Level Rifle Marksmanship

  23. Sample Description

  24. Prediction of Qualification Score(Regression Model)

  25. Prediction of Qualification Score(Perceptual-Motor vs. Cognitive/Affective)

  26. Prediction of Qualification Score(Knowledge)

  27. Working Hypotheses

  28. Working Hypotheses • Three stages of skill acquisition: • Learning, practice, automatic • Cognitive measures should be most sensitive to Marines in the beginning to middle of the learning phase, and less sensitive to those past the mid-learning phase • Psychomotor variables should be the most sensitive to Marines past the initial learning stage

  29. Working Hypotheses

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