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EQ: How is life based on chemical processes?

EQ: How is life based on chemical processes?. Warm-up: 1. What is the meaning of each of these prefixes? …mono …poly …macro 2. Why is carbon important to all living things?. Do you know?. What do all these substances have in common?. The Mac Daddies of Molecules.

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EQ: How is life based on chemical processes?

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  1. EQ: How is life based on chemical processes? Warm-up: 1. What is the meaning of each of these prefixes? …mono …poly …macro 2. Why is carbon important to all living things?

  2. Do you know? What do all these substances have in common?

  3. The Mac Daddies of Molecules Or Macromolecules and their functions in living things…..

  4. Macromolecules-what are they? • Giant molecules formed from monomers by polymerization into polymers! • Monomers are smaller molecules, like beads in a necklace or links in a chain (think bling). • Polymerization is just a fancy term for becoming a big ole molecule!

  5. Macs…Important for Life • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Nucleic Acids • Proteins

  6. Carbohydrates • Made of Carbon:Hydrogen:Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio • Found in fruits, vegetables, & grains • Made from monosaccharides (single sugars) which form polysaccharides (many sugars) • Examples: glucose, fructose, starch, sugars • We get energy from carbs!

  7. Lipids • They will not dissolve in water. • They are made of fatty acids & glycerol (triglyceride=1 sug. + 3 fatty acids) • They are fats, steroids, oils and waxes • Examples are margarine, shortening, meats, olive oil, peanut oil • Lipids are used for storing energy (why it pays to have some fat on you!) • Made of carbon & hydrogen

  8. Nucleic Acids • Are made of nucleotides (a nucleotide is the monomer of n.a.s)with 3 parts- • 5 carbon sugar+nitrogenbase+phosphate group • Commonly known as DNA and RNA • What they do: transmit genetic information (in other words, why you have great aunt Edna’s winning smile or uncle Harry’s ears)

  9. Proteins • Proteins are chains of amino acids (the monomer of proteins), like a beaded necklace, that sometimes fold into weird shapes • Their functions are VAST!!!!! • ENZYMES (promote chemical reactions) • Provide structure (hair, bones, muscles) • Antibodies (fight infection) • Carry things (oxygen from lungs to rest of body)

  10. One more note about proteins… • Amino acids covalently bond in different order to make different proteins. • THEIR ORDER DETERMINES WHICH PROTEIN IT IS! • There are about 20 different amino acids.

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