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Women & Men in Management

Women & Men in Management. Chapter 1 – Sex, Gender, and Work. On the Psychology of Sex. Views on the trend  Gender Equality Optimistic view Pessimistic view What does the glass ceiling entail? Lower-level management Underrepresentation on corporate boards Lower compensation.

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Women & Men in Management

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  1. Women & Men in Management Chapter 1 – Sex, Gender, and Work

  2. On the Psychology of Sex • Views on the trend  Gender Equality • Optimistic view • Pessimistic view • What does the glass ceiling entail? • Lower-level management • Underrepresentation on corporate boards • Lower compensation

  3. Current Proportion of Women in the Labor Force • What can we attribute the differences to? • Variation in national culture • Definition of the term manager

  4. Sex Versus Gender • Differentiate between sex and gender • Sex differences vs. gender differences • Perception • Relationship between the two • Self-fulfilling prophecy

  5. Effects of Sex Differences at Work • Stereotyping • Prejudice • Discrimination

  6. Dimensions of Diversity • Primary dimensions • Unchangeable personal characteristics • Sex • Race • Ethnicity • Physical ability/disability • Secondary dimensions • Changeable personal characteristics • Education • Income • Marital Status • Religion

  7. Effects: Dimensions of Diversity • Group membership visibility • Sex • Changeability • Sexual orientation • Categorization • Self-identity

  8. Compromised Dimensions • In research • Assumption: sex & gender differences are similar across all racial and ethnic groups • Comparing effects of stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination • Oversimplification of complex issues

  9. Watching Out for Biases • What is a bias? • Differentiate between: • Alpha bias • Beta bias

  10. Causes of Bias • Personal prejudice • Two-category system • A reinforcement of alpha bias • Popular media

  11. Guarding Against Assumptions • When a sex difference is found in an aspect of human behavior, this does not always signify completely polar behaviors between sexes. • Sex differences are not necessarily biologically based and they are subject to change.

  12. Organization of the Book • Chapter 1 • Analyze transition in sex/work relationships • Chapter 2 • Consider sex and gender work roles in the 20th century • Effects of historical influences • Current status of women and men in today’s workforce

  13. Chapter 3 • Effects of sex and gender differences on behavior • Psychological findings on sex differences • Understanding male/female interactions • Gender role expectations and limitations • Chapter 4 • Decision-making on employment relationships • Differences in job search strategies • Sex discrimination in hiring decisions • Recommendations for reducing sex & gender effects on employment

  14. Chapter 5 • Effects of sex and gender on behavior in teams • Differences of behavior in team composition • Recommendations for team members and leaders • Chapter 6 • Effects of leader preferences and stereotypes • Attitudes toward female leaders • Sex differences in actual leader behavior and effectiveness

  15. Chapter 7 • Expression of sexuality in the workplace • Sexual harassment and workplace romances • Causes and consequences • Chapter 8 • Balancing work and family • Diversity of family structures • Sex differences in measurement of success • Chapter 9 • Solutions to problems identified in Chapters 1-8

  16. Chapter 1 Terms • Optimistic view • Pessimistic view • Glass ceiling • Sex • Gender • Sex differences • Gender differences • Self-fulfilling prophecy • Stereotype • Prejudice • Discrimination • Primary dimensions of diversity • Secondary dimensions of diversity • Bias • Alpha bias • Beta bias • Two-category system

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