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Climate Change and Energy Technology Adaptation Options

Climate Change and Energy Technology Adaptation Options. Dr. Ned Djilali Director, Institute for Integrated Energy Systems University of Victoria. Presentation to Standing Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry Vancouver, Feb. 28, 2003. www.iesvic.ca. Fuel Energy Market Share (%).

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Climate Change and Energy Technology Adaptation Options

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  1. Climate Change and Energy Technology Adaptation Options Dr. Ned Djilali Director, Institute for Integrated Energy Systems University of Victoria Presentation to Standing Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry Vancouver, Feb. 28, 2003 www.iesvic.ca

  2. Fuel Energy Market Share (%) Historic Transition of Global Energy System

  3. Oil H/C = 2 H H Propane H/C = 2.66 C C H C C H C C C C C C H C H C H H H H H H H H H H H H H C H C C H C C C C C C C C C C C C C H C H C C H C H C H H H H H H H H H H H C C H H H H C C H H H H H H C H H Hydrogen H/C =  Methane H/C = 4 The Path to Decarbonization Coal H/C = 0.5

  4. H2 ? Energy Market Share (%) 20XX? Towards a Hydrogen Economy ?

  5. CO2 Emissions by Sector, 1997 (Source: NRCan)

  6. Climate Change Plan Measure-Are these sufficient? • Improve efficiency by 25% (5.2 MT) • Ethanol blending in 25% of gasoline (0.8 MT) • Fuel Cell vehicles demo program (0.1 MT) • Integrated Urban Transp. Strategy (0.8 MT) • Transp. Sector Voluntary cutbacks (2 MT) • Consumer action (0.8 MT) • Ethanol blending in 35% of gasoline • + biodiesels (2 MT) • Fuel Cell vehicles demo program (0.1 MT) • Sustainable Urban Planning • + Public Transit (0.8 MT) • More efficient goods transport (2.3 MT)

  7. Coal Oil Natural gas Sunlight Wind Uranium Biomass : : Automobile Telephone Light bulb NMR-scan Heat pump Refrigerator : : Transportation Communication Illumination Health care Keeping warm Keeping cool Food Water : Oil refinery Hydraulic generators Nuclear power plants Anaerobic digestion : : Gasoline Electricity Methanol Methane Hydrogen : : : Energy System Chain ServiceTechnologies TransformerTechnologies Services Currencies Sources

  8. ServiceTechnologies TransformerTechnologies Services Currencies Sources Harvesting Combine Diesel fuel Drilling rigs and oil refineries Crude oil Drilling rigs and oil refineries Diesel fuel Crude oil Water Treatment Plant Potable Water Wind Turbine Wind Electricity Hydro dams Hydropower Coal Generating stations Geothermal Natural Gas Uranium

  9. ServiceTechnologies TransformerTechnologies Services Currencies Sources Harvesting Combine Diesel fuel Drilling rigs and oil refineries Crude oil Drilling rigs and oil refineries Diesel fuel Crude oil Water Treatment Plant Potable Water Wind Turbine Wind Electricity Hydro dams Hydropower Coal Generating stations Geothermal Natural Gas Uranium

  10. ServiceTechnologies TransformerTechnologies Services Currencies Sources Harvesting Combine Diesel fuel Drilling rigs and oil refineries Crude oil Drilling rigs and oil refineries Diesel fuel Crude oil Water Treatment Plant Potable Water Wind Turbine Wind Electricity Hydro dams Hydropower Coal Generating stations Geothermal Natural Gas Uranium

  11. The current energy system Hydro Oil/Nat. Gas Coal Nuclear Electricity: available baseload Stationary Services Renewables etc. Mobile Services Oil

  12. Hydrogen Production Fuel Cell Biomass Mobile Services Natural Gas Hydrogen Storage The emerging energy system Hydro Nuclear Wind Solar Geothermal Tidal Electricity: available baseload Stationary Services

  13. How do we get there ? • Technology • Wind turbines • Micro-power technology • Nuclear Reactors • Reformers • Electrolysis • High Pressure Composites • Liquefaction • Metal Hydrides • Gas pipelines • Fuel Cells • Hybrid electric cars • Co-generation • Challenges • Costs • Hydrogen Infrastructure • Insufficient pace of development • Insufficient Government Incentives/Penalties • Inadequate Demonstration Programs • Risk of losing Canadian companies

  14. “Kyoto” + Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Environmental + Economic Opportunity = • Initiatives around the World • California Fuel Cell Partnership • European Fuel Cell Bus Demonstration • Global Environment facility-UNDP • Japan Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Demonstration Project

  15. Transportation Energy Service Through Time Hay Sunlight Horse Agriculture 1770s Steam Locomotive Coal Coal fields Coal mine 1870s ICE Automobile Gasoline Crude oil Oil refinery Natural gas 1970s Steam methane reforming Sunlight Fuel Cell Vehicles Hydrogen Wind 2070s Electrolysis Uranium www.iesvic.ca

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