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The Production Code

The Production Code. By: Alesa McGregor. Historical Context. Great Depression Hoover’s Public Works Programs Building of Hoover Dam Internationally felt World War II Nazi/Hitler’s rise to power in Germany Rise of Mussolini as dictator in Italy. Film Scandals of the 1920s.

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The Production Code

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  1. The Production Code By: Alesa McGregor

  2. Historical Context • Great Depression • Hoover’s Public Works Programs • Building of Hoover Dam • Internationally felt • World War II • Nazi/Hitler’s rise to power in Germany • Rise of Mussolini as dictator in Italy

  3. Film Scandals of the 1920s • Mary Pickford divorces husband to marry Douglas Fairbanks • Fatty Arbuckle throws outrageous parties • Alcohol during Prohibition • Pays off District Attorney • Party guest dies afterward in hotel room • Rumors of Sex, Drugs, and Alcoholism kill careers of actors and directors

  4. Fatima (1897) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIsYpNED838

  5. De’Mille’sThe Sign of the Cross (1932)

  6. Scarface (1932)

  7. An Intervention • 1922-1945: MPPDA (Motion Picture Producers & Distributers of America) • Will H. Hays: President • Campaign manager for President Harding • US Postmaster General • Presbyterian church leader

  8. To Reshape/Re-Moralize Film • The Production Code • 1930-First draft adopted: Martin Quigley & Daniel Lord • 1933-Reinforced by boycott threats from the Catholic Legion of Decency • 1934-strict enforcement of Code rulings

  9. Seal of Approval

  10. Seal of Approval http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zUaNKBQ04c • All films must be approved and sealed before distribution • $25,000 fine for violating producers or distributors • Major studios were all MPPDA members • Post-production films edited by MPPDA • Scripts submitted before filming began

  11. Consequences for Violators http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLnTWxpTQt4 • Fines of $1,000-$5,000 for infractions • Actual film as well as publicity material • David O’Selznick’s best spent $5,000

  12. Claudette Colbert The Sign of the Cross (1932) It Happened One Night (1934)

  13. Faded Careers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJS670okmZc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0qSzEZFs1c

  14. Lasting Legacy • MPAA (1966-2004: Jack Valenti) • G- suitable for all audiences • M (GP, PG)- mature audiences • PG-13 (1984)- age 13+ • R- restricted to 17+ or accompanied by adult • X (NC-17)- restricted to18+ (17+)

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