Presentation By Tameem M Chairman & Editor in Chief of Human Rights Observers

1. Human Rights Observers Global Peace Promoters Presentation By Tameem M Chairman & Editor in Chief of Human Rights Observers Director United Nations

2. About Human Rights The whole world is familyAll human beings are born equal and free. The only permissible discrimination amongst the people of the world is for the purpose of geographical identification.. Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of nationality, place of residence, sex, ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible. Universal human rights are often expressed and guaranteed by law, in the forms of treaties, customary international law, general principles and other sources of international law. International human rights law lays down obligations of Governments to act in certain ways or to refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups

3. Human Rights are yard sticks against which all people must measure their conduct and of their Governments and Public Officials and against which the global community as a whole must measure its progress. No nation can move along the true democratic way of life without true democracy. Without true democracy, political democracy cannot last unless there lies on the base of it, a social democracy.HRO helps those who help themselves. In this period of globalization, intellectual people have a duty to help and save those below poverty line. Slum dwellers, illiterates and poor helpless people have been cut-off from the main line of national and international body.HRO philosophy is based on Human Rights and Humanitarianism.The Vision of HROis the formation of fearless and non-succumbing society on the basis of truthfulness & non-violence. This society will allow peaceful existence of all types of naturally challenged persons, schedule caste, schedule tribes, people under poverty line, old-aged, widow and down trodden irrespective of caste, creed, sex and religion. This society in its majority will be constituted by the followers of human rights and human rights activists consequently reducing the pool of wrongdoers. A vision of a society of human rights followers. Human Rights Observers

4. Human Rights Observers(AIM) To be one of the prime organizations of the world catering to human rights activities. To organize HROworking process by opening up different cells viz. Human Rights Helpline, Family Discipline, Advisory Centre, Public Justice Legal Aid Centre, Crime Prevention Team, Information Gain Centre, National and International Committees, Accident Relief Centre, Scheduled Caste Help Centers, Mahila and Labour Welfare Centre, Helpless Medical Legal Relief Centre, Consumer Form Centre, Inquiry Committee, Centre for Government's Project etc.  Create awareness among the people, so they can voice their complaints/grievances to IHRA against injustice. These complaints will be verified by HROfor their validity and human rights violation issues and carried forward for justice. Human Rights Day

5. Education Rights • Every woman, man, youth and child has the human right to education, training and information, and to other fundamental human rights dependent upon realization of the human right to education. The human right of all persons to education is explicitly set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenants, the Convention on the Rights of the Child and other widely adhered to international human rights treaties and Declarations -- powerful tools that must be put to use in realizing the human right to education for all! The Human Rights at Issue The human right to education entitles every woman, man, youth and child to: Free and compulsory elementary education and to readily available forms of secondary and higher education. The human right to freedom from discrimination in all areas and levels of education, and to equal access to continuing education and vocational training. The human right to information about health, nutrition, reproduction and family planning. The human right to education is inextricably linked to other fundamental human rights -- rights that are universal, indivisible, interconnected and interdependent including: • The human right to equality between men and women and to equal partnership in the family and society. • The human right to work and receive wages that contribute to an adequate standard of living. • The human right to freedom of thought, conscience, religion and belief. • The human right to an adequate standard of living. • The human right to participate in shaping decisions and policies affecting one=s community, at the local, national and international levels.

6. Every person in this world is entitled to a fundamental set of human rights that allow her or him to live with dignity and self-respect. Unfortunately, women, for long, have been regarded as less than human, and therefore, not entitled to these human rights.And even today, with the popular refrain, “women’s rights are human rights" – it has taken years of organizing and advocacy to become accepted in global policy circles. Despite international agreements and national policy changes, the daily reality of millions of women’s lives around the world remains unchanged.International Human Rights Association as works to transform attitudes towards women so that they can realize their full potential.  Please check out our women rights campaign that calls on men and boys to bring domestic violence to a halt • Justice to women HIV/AIDS • International Human Rights Association campaign, “Is This Justice?” aims to bring public attention to the stigma and discrimination faced by women living with HIV/AIDS-most of whom have been infected by their husbands or male partners. The campaign challenges the way in which women in our society are treated, especially women living with HIV/AIDS. These women are either shunned by the family and community or are forced to live on the edge of society after their husbands die of AIDS.Consider the statistics:• Nearly 40 percent of the 5.2 million HIV positive people in India are women and nearly 80 percent of them have contracted this infection from their husbands or partners.• Almost 90 percent of these positive women are thrown out of their homes after their husbands die of AIDS.• While the general public continues to believe that most women with HIV/AIDS are sex workers, official numbers indicate that they make up less than one percent of the 2 million female infections. Women’s Rights

7. Right to Life The right to a life with dignity is the basis of all human rights. An important component of this is the right to sexual well-being - to a healthy and self-affirming sexuality free of violence, coercion, and disease. But this human right is being violated: High numbers of the HIV+ people in India are women, with most of them having contracted the virus from their husbands or partners. Most of them are thrown out of their homes after their husbands die of AIDS. Health Every woman, man, youth and child has the human right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, without discrimination of any kind. Enjoyment of the human right to health is vital to all aspects of a person's life and well-being, and is crucial to the realization of many other fundamental human rights and freedoms. Human Rights relating to health are set out in basic human rights treaties and include: The human right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, including reproductive and sexual health. The human right to equal access to adequate health care and health-related services, regardless of sex, race, or other status. The human right to equitable distribution of food. The human right to access to safe drinking water and sanitation. The human right to an adequate standard of living and adequate housing. The human right to a safe and healthy workplace, and to adequate protection for pregnant women in work proven to be harmful to them. The human right to education and access to information relating to health, including reproductive health and family planning to enable couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly all matters of reproduction and sexuality. The human right of the child to an environment appropriate for physical and mental development.

8. Poverty & Rural Development • Human Rights relating to poverty are set out in basic human rights treaties and include: • The human right to an adequate standard of living, including access to housing, food, clean water, and basic social services. • The human right to a healthy and safe environment. • The human right to primary health care and medical attention in case of illness. • The human right to freedom from discrimination based on sex, in all aspects of life and work. • The human right to equal access to education and training. • The human right to equal access to productive resources, including land and credit. • The human right to work and receive wages that contribute to an adequate standard of living. • The human right to equal pay for equal work, and to equality of opportunity in hiring and promotion. • The human right to proper consideration of women's reproductive rights and sexuality, including job security during and after pregnancy, flexible working conditions, and access to child care. • The human right to equality within the family and shared responsibilities for children's upbringing. • The human right to social security in the event of unemployment, disability, old age, or other lack of livelihood. • The human right to be treated with dignity, and to freedom from violence and exploitation. • The human right to full and equal participation in shaping decisions of importance to women, their families and communities, including decisions relating to poverty eradication and development. • The human right to sustainable development. • The human right to peace.

9. Human Rights Rural Development • Every individual and all peoples have the Human Right to Development, and to other fundamental human rights linked to and dependent upon realization of the Human Right to Development. Development is a comprehensive process involving sustainable improvement of the economic, social and political well-being of all individuals and peoples. Development aims for the realization of all human rights -- civil, cultural, economic, political, and social -- and for the greatest possible freedom and dignity of every human being. • The Human Rights at Issue • The Human Right of every woman, man, youth and child to Development includes the following universal, indivisible, interconnected and interdependent human rights: • The human right to economic, political, social, and cultural development which is sustainable, which results in a fair distribution of benefits to individuals and peoples throughout a society, and which allows for the realization of all other human rights. • The human right to an international environment in which the human right to development and all other human rights can be fully realized. • The human right to full and equal participation in developmental and environmental planning and decision-making, and in shaping all policies affecting one=s community and living conditions, at the local, national and international levels. • The human right to share in the benefits of scientific progress. • The human right to equality of opportunity and freedom from discrimination based on gender, race, religion, or any other status. • The human right to an adequate standard of living, including access to safe food, water, and housing. • The human right to work and to receive wages that contribute to an adequate standard of living. • The human right to safe working conditions, including adequate safeguards for pregnant women. • The human right to equal access for all persons to productive resources, including land, credit, and technology. • The human right to a safe and healthy environment. • The human right to the highest attainable standard of health. • The human right of the child to live in an environment appropriate for physical and mental development. • The human right to equal access to education and information, including reproductive education. • The human right to equality between men and women, including in all matters relating to reproduction, and to equal partnership in the family and society

10. Human Rights and Aged Persons Human Rights are universal; Civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights belong to all human beings, including older people. The Human Rights of the Aged are explicitly set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenants, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, and other widely adhered to international human rights treaties and Declarations. The Human Rights at Issue The Human Rights of the Aged include the following indivisible, interdependent and interrelated human rights: Many governments have support systems in place for elderly persons such as social security and free or discounted medical care, for example. However, most of these systems were built on the premise that there will always be significantly fewer older persons than younger or middle-aged individuals living at one time. Because of declining death rates, therefore, these systems are beginning to feel a strain that will only increase over time. Additionally, the older-person support ratio is falling in both more and less developed regions, which could further lessen the ability of societies and governments to care for their aging populations. These demographic trends create unique challenges for all people, particularly for the governments of nation-states around the globe. Elderly are often subject to discrimination and abuse because they are perceived as easily taken advantage of. There is also a prevalent belief among many that elderly persons are worthless in today’s fast-paced, globalized and increasingly industrialized world. Obviously, with the number of elderly people on earth at any one time rising rapidly, there is an increased urgency to address the rights and roles of elderly persons in our world. The rights of aged persons can be broken down into three main categories: protection, participation and image. Protection refers to securing the physical, psychological and emotional safety of elderly persons with regard to their unique vulnerability to abuse and ill treatment. Participation refers to the need to establish a greater and more active role for older persons in society. Image refers to the need to define a more positive, less degrading and discriminatory idea of who elderly persons are and what they are capable of doing. Regional intergovernmental organizations in particular have begun to deal with these categories of rights in some detail in their recommendations and treaties.

11. Child Rights The Convention on the Rights of the Child is the first legally binding international instrument to incorporate the full range of human rights—civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights. In 1989, world leaders decided that children needed a special convention just for them because people under 18 years old often need special care and protection that adults do not. The leaders also wanted to make sure that the world recognized that children have human rights too. Human rights apply to all age groups; children have the same general human rights as adults. But children are particularly vulnerable and so they also have particular rights that recognize their special need for protection International human rights treaties are developed by a process of negotiation among United Nations Member States to produce a commonly acceptable set of standards. Individual States then decide for themselves whether to be legally bound by the treaty. There are two ways for a State to become a party to the Convention on the Rights of the Child: by signature and ratification or by accession. Both of these acts signify an agreement to be legally bound by the terms of the Convention. The Optional Protocols to the Convention are considered independently of the Convention and must be ratified or acceded to separately, but the process is the same. States do not need to be a party to the Convention in order to ratify or accede to one or both of the Optional Protocols. Signature Signature constitutes a preliminary endorsement of the Convention or Protocol. Signing the instrument does not create a binding legal obligation but does demonstrate the State’s intent to examine the treaty domestically and consider ratifying it. While signing does not commit a State to ratification, it does oblige the State to refrain from acts that would defeat or undermine the treaty’s objective and purpose

12. Torture & Degrading treatment • The United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (UNCAT) is an international treaty that mandates an absolute prohibition of torture worldwide and directs for the creation of the Committee Against Torture to monitor the implementation of the treaty globally. •  Countries that are parties to the UNCAT must take effective legislative, administrative, judicial and other measures to prevent acts of torture from occurring in their territories. The UNCAT specifies the following measures, among others: • The prohibition and punishment of all acts of torture through appropriate laws and penalties in domestic criminal law   • The full integration of educational information about the prohibition against torture into the training of law enforcement personnel, civil or military, medical personnel, public officials and others who may be involved in the custody, interrogation or treatment of any individual subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment.   • The systematic review of interrogation rules, instructions, methods and practices, as well as of arrangements for the custody and treatment of suspects, detainees and prisoners   • Guarantees for the prompt and impartial investigation of allegations of torture by competent authorities    • The protection of witnesses • The possibility for victims to obtain redress and fair and adequate compensation and rehabilitation Dowry harassment Worldwide, women have always struggled for fair treatment and equality. Women have been treated quite submissively and violence against them is quite rampant. Unfortunately, in South Asia, women are given importance on the basis of their ability to provide a handsome amount in the form of dowry. The tradition of dowry is a thousand years old culture. It was prevalent in many parts of the world Sexual harassmentSexual harassment and rape are two sides of the same coin. Both showcase the power of men to dominate over women. Both have one victim- ‘women’. Both are barbaric in nature; but many people extenuate sexual harassment to rape, just because the victims are not physically harmed. Whereas in rape- the victim is ravished like an animal for the fulfillment of desire and lust of a man. Both have the same object- to undermine the integrity of the victim, physically as well as mentally.