Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop

1. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop

2. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop Purpose Help you • Save money • Reduce energy use • Reducepollutant emissions From your combustion, heating, and cooling operations

3. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop Governor Patrick Plans Conservation to Meet Rising Energy Needs Aim is to avoid building new power plants Make the State a Showcase for Energy Conservation

4. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop Program • 8:15 am Opening Session • 10:00 am -Coffee Break • 10:30 am Breakout Sessions • 11:30 am -Lunch • 1:00 pm Breakout Sessions • 2:00 pm -Break • 2:15 pm Panel – Energy Analysis • 3:30 pm Closing Remarks • 3:35 pm Tours

5. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop EPA’s Commitment to Energy Conservation & Municipal Energy Challenge Susan Studlien, Director Office of Environmental Stewardship EPA Region 1

6. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop State Energy Policy Changes to Encourage Energy Conservation & Combined Heat & Power David Cash Assistant Secretary for Policy Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs

7. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop The Strategic Energy Management Process Roy Crystal Environmental Scientist Assistance & Pollution Prevention Office EPA Region 1

8. The Strategic Energy Management Aproach: How to Reduce Energy Use, Cost, and Air Pollution Roy CrystalU.S. EPA – Region 1Combustion WorkshopCambridge, MAJune 27, 2007

9. Why Energy Performance? • Energy use is the number one source of air pollution in NE and the nation • When we use less energy, we reduce pollution that causes: • Global warming • Acid rain • Smog and soot • Mercury and Air Toxics • Saves money • Reduces business and financial risks • Reduces strain on energy supplies: electricity blackouts/brownouts, natural gas shortages/costs

10. Strategic Energy Management Produces Superior Results • Reduce Demand – Energy Efficiency • Management, Operations, and Maintenance • Upgrade Technology • Clean Up Supply – On-Site and Purchased Energy • Efficient and properly sized boilers and chillers • Purchase Green Power • Combined Heat and Power (CHP) • On-Site Renewable Energy • Properly maintain your existing equipment (boilers and chillers) • Annual tuneup of boilers – required by NOx RACT in Massachusetts and other New England states • Periodic maintenance according to a planned schedule; “continuous commissioning” • Reducing demand first is critical, because it makes supply side investments: • Smaller, less expensive, more efficient, and cheaper to operate.

11. STEP 1: Reduce Demand through Energy Efficiency

12. Components of a Successful Energy Management Program Based on successful practices of ENERGY STAR partners, EPA has identified the key components for a successful energy management program

13. EPA has extensively studied the status quo in building energy performance 400% variation in energy use intensity of buildings (Source: Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey) Variation that is not explained by age, technology, hours, size, climate

14. Technology alone does not guarantee performance - management is critical California Office Buildings Buildings 20% better than code can have an energy performance score ranging from 1-100. Not sending right market signal. Source: NBI, California Board for Energy Efficiency, EPA

15. Do You Know How Your Facilities Perform? • You can’t manage what you don’t measure! • Until recently, a standardized, comparable metric of whole building energy performance did not exist. • EPA’s Energy PerformanceRating System developed to meet this need.

16. Performance Rating Systems Is 65.7 kBtu/sf/yr high or low for a building? Even many building experts don’t know. EPA Energy Performance Rating Fuel Efficiency Rating: MPG Is 10 MPG high or low for an automobile? Common knowledge.

17. Benchmark Score 1 25 50 75 100 National Energy Performance Rating Number of Buildings The rating system overlays a 1 to 100 scale over national census data, which gives relative meaning to energy use Building Energy Use Highest Lowest

18. How Does the Rating System Work? • Actual Energy Consumption Data (EIA Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey [CBECS]) • Easy-to-use web-based, simple data requirements • Easy-to-understand 1-100 performance score – “whole building mpg rating” – compared to peers in national building stock • Normalizes for Building Variables: weather, size, occupancy, hours, computers, other features • Use it to: Benchmark, Compare, Inform, Track and Measure, and Reward Success

19. Eligible Building Types Office Buildings Courthouse Hotels Schools Medical Offices Hospitals Grocery Stores Dormitories Warehouses

20. Planning Improvements:The Five-Stage Approach Focus on Sizing, Operations and Control ROI Plant Upgrades Fan and Motor Systems Load Reductions Tune up Lighting Time

21. STEP 2: Clean Up Supply through: Proper sizing Combined Heat and Power On and Off Site Renewable Energy

22. Oversized Equipment is a Major Source of Inefficiency • 60% of building fan systems oversized on average 60% (Source: EPA fan study) • Chillers oversized by 50-200% (Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) • Improper installation and poor maintenance • Oversized equipment performs worse than its rated efficiency

23. Proper Sizing is Key When Replacing or Upgrading Equipment • Assess energy use and reduce it • Everyone can improve energy efficiency • Smaller units costs less • Properly sized equipment operates more efficiently • Explore configurations that maximize efficiency • E.g - Smaller units operated in series

24. Combined Heat and Power • CHP – or cogeneration – is the generation of heat and power from the same fuel source. • Electricity primarily used on-site, but may be sold back to grid. Grid can serve as back-up or swing provider. • Thermal energy used for heating/cooling or process applications. • CHP can work with numerous technologies and fuels.

25. Advantages of CHP CHP is more efficient than separate generation of electricity and heat: • Higher efficiency translates to lower operating cost, but requires capital investment. • On-site electric generation reduces grid congestion and avoids distribution costs. • Higher efficiency reduces air emissions. • Increased reliability and power quality.

26. Hospital of Saint Raphael, New Haven, CT • Facility expanding; installed new residual fuel oil-fired boiler in New Haven, CT EJ area – neighbors had health concerns • City asked for EPA assistance to reduce air emissions from combustion sources

27. Compliance Assistance to Hospital of Saint Raphael • EPA provided information on cogeneration options & potential energy, air pollution & cost savings, Energy Star benchmarking software • Facilitated onsite engineering and contracting assessment of cogeneration options by contractors funded by EPA (Combined Heat and Power Applications Center - cogeneration experts from Eastern Ct. State University, UMass-Amherst, Pace University) • Facility committed to construct 1.8 megawatt natural-gas fired cogeneration system – displaces purchased electric power and steam produced by onsite boiler; air emission reductions

28. On-Site Renewable Energy • Broader application and lower cost than you may expect • State incentives available • Even small installation can have a big impact on costs and risks • Technologies • Wind • Solar • Ground Source Heating and Cooling • Dependent on site conditions and other factors

29. Opacity Problems & Particulate Emissions - Mystic Station, Everett, MA

30. Importance of Annual Boiler Tuneups & Improved Maintenance • Annual boiler tuneups a NOx RACT requirement in Massachusetts and other New England States – ensures compliance (EPA inspections of facilities in New England with combustion sources planned in coming year) • Higher efficiency will save fuel and money for you • Reduced emissions of greenhouse gases (CO, CO2), NOx, SOx, air toxics (benzene) • Help meet any commitments for reducing greenhouse gases

31. How do I pay for it? • A variety of incentive programs exist in Massachusetts and other New England states: • Energy efficiency - Utility programs • Free or reduced cost energy audits through utilities, universities, DOE, EPA (CHP Partnership) • Forward capacity market – ISO New England • Renewable energy – Renewable Energy Trust, Massachusetts Technology Collaborative • New incentives likely – RGGI, state legislation • Energy efficiency cuts energy bills by 10-30+% • Federal and state tax credits • Sale of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) • Energy efficiency and clean and renewable energy can dramatically reduce financial risks for businesses and institutions • Efficiency and supply upgrades increase asset value

32. Companies and Institutions can also earn Valuable Recognition • EPA Voluntary Programs • ENERGY STAR Label; Partner of the Year • Green Power Partnership • CHP Partnership • State and Regional Awards/Recognition • Environmental Merit Awards • It’s not only about saving money!

33. Energy Efficiency and Clean Energy Reduce Costs, Risks, and Emissions • Start with energy efficiency - assess and improve energy performance to reduce loads • Right size central equipment - boilers, chillers, turbines, etc. • Use appropriate clean and renewable technologies for on-site power generation: combined heat and power, solar, wind, etc. • Take advantage of state and federal resources Funding, incentives, technical assistance, information, and recognition opportunities.

34. Contact Us

35. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop Tools and Resources Available from EPA’s Combined Heat & Power Partnership Felicia A. Ruiz Program Manager Combined Heat and Power Partnership Energy Supply & Industry Branch Office of Air & Radiation U.S. EPA Headquarters

36. Supporting the Development of Combined Heat and Power Projects Felicia A. Ruiz Program Manager Combustion, Cooling, & Energy Conservation Workshop Boston, Massachusetts June 27, 2007

37. EPA and Clean Energy • Clean energy offers a cost-effective way to meet growing demand for electricity and natural gas while reducing emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, lowering consumers energy bills, and improving the reliability and security of our energy system. • EPA’s Clean Energy Programs work with state policy makers, electric and gas utilities, energy customers, and other key stakeholders to deliver important environmental and economic benefits.

38. EPA’s Voluntary Clean Energy Programs

39. The Benefits of CHP • Environmental- Well sited and sized systems reduce CO2, SO2 and NOx • Technical - Fully commercialized technologies in proven applications nationwide • Economic – High efficiency and power reliability benefits translate into compelling energy savings and avoided catastrophic losses • Reliability – Decrease impact of outages and improve power quality for sensitive equipment

40. EPA Combined Heat and Power Partnership • The EPA CHP Partnership is a voluntary program that seeks to reduce the environmental impact of power generation by fostering the use of highly-efficient CHP • Through 2006, the CHPP has helped Partners put into operation more than 250 CHP projects representing over 3,500 MW of capacity, resulting in the cumulative emission reductions of over 10 million tons CO2 • Work with multiple CHP applications and with multiple fuel types

41. Procurement Guides CHP Emissions Calculator Funding & Incentives Database Analyses of CHP potential in strategic markets - ethanol, hotels/casinos, wastewater treatment, and data centers Project Resources

42. Technical Assistance for Candidate Sites • Spark spread analyses, Level 1 feasibility studies, third-party review of feasibility/design studies • Incentive/Policy Analysis • Quantifying Environmental Benefits • Technology/Vendor Lists

43. Public Recognition • Profile on the Partnership Web site with information about each Partner. • Annual Greenhouse Gas Reduction Report • Shows carbon reductions associated with Partner's projects, as well as equivalent benefits in terms of acres of trees planted and car emissions prevented. • ENERGY STAR CHP Awards • Performance- based award with review 1 year operating data. • CHP must beat new gas combined cycle and 80% efficient boiler by at least 5%.

44. For More Information or to Join CHPP Felicia A. Ruiz Combined Heat and Power Partnership U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ruiz.felicia@epa.gov ph.: (202) 343-9129 fax: (202) 343-2208 www.epa.gov/chp

45. Combustion, Cooling & Energy Conservation Workshop Assessing & Improving Efficiency of Steam Systems William Orthwein Project Manager U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory

46. Energy savings Environmental quality Yield improvement/ Resource conservation Economic viability Energy security 2001 Energy Use Transportation 28% Industry 35% Targeting the largest opportunity to save energyin the United States Commercial 17% Residential 20% Industrial Technologies Program GOALS

47. Delivering Technology Solutions

48. Energy Savings Assessments • Will have conducted 450 assessments of large facilities focusing on steam, process heating, compressed air, pump, and fan systems by the end of 2007. • Assessments done by teams composed of DOE Qualified Energy Experts and plant personnel • Plant personnel and affiliates will be trained on DOE efficient tools • Energy Savings Assessment Report identifies potential energy and cost savings and possible next steps Other4% Facilities 8% Electrochemical - 2% ProcessCooling1% U.S. Manufacturing Energy Use by Type of System (%) Steam 35% Motor Systems 12% Process Heating 38% Note: Does not include off-site losses

49. Replicating Assessment Savings

50. Motor Master + Assists in energy-efficient motor selection and management. (International) Pumping System AssessmentTool Assesses the efficiency of pumping system operations. Fan System Assessment Toolquantifies potential benefits of a more optimally configured fan system Tools Available on Our Web Site • Air Master+ Provides comprehensive information on assessing compressed air systems. • ASDMaster Determines economic feasibility of an ASD application.