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Color Definitions

Color Definitions. Graphic Design. There are tens of thousands of colors at designers’ disposal, and almost infinite ways of combining them. The designers must: get to grips with the ways in which colors are classified and the terms used to describe them.

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Color Definitions

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  1. Color Definitions Graphic Design

  2. There are tens of thousands of colors at designers’ disposal, and almost infinite ways of combining them.

  3. The designers must: • get to grips with the ways in which colors are classified and • the terms used to describe them.

  4. Color can be said to differ in 3 significant ways: • Hue, tone, saturation

  5. Hue, tone, saturation • A pure color, such as red/green/blue, is known as the hue. • It is the generic name of the color. • A single hue will have many variations of its pure color, ranging from light to dark. • The term describing this is “tone”.

  6. A Tint is hue with white added • Pink is a tint (red + white)

  7. A Shade is a hue with black added • A Tint is a hue with white added. + = red blk + = pink red wht

  8. Hue, tone, saturation • A single hue will vary according to its brightness. • This is known as “saturation”, also called chroma/ intensity.

  9. Saturation • is a measure of a color's pureness and brilliance. • In subtractive color processing like CYMK, the more we mix colors the less pure they become; therefore, the color appears dull.

  10. Adjusting saturation • means adding black, gray, or color complements to a paint color in order to decrease saturation which will dull it or "knock it back".   

  11. Doing so moves the color farther away from its purest state of hue.

  12. Pure Colors De-saturated

  13. Hue, tone, saturation • An excellent aid is a color wheel that shows the full spectrum of colors from red through to violet.

  14. Additive Mixing

  15. Primary colors for Light Red Green Blue

  16. Secondary colors for Light Red + Green = Yellow Red + Blue = Magenta Red Green Blue Green + Blue = Cyan

  17. Red + Green + Blue = White Red Green Blue

  18. How we see color?!

  19. When light strikes the pigmented surface, some wavelengths are absorbed and others reflected. • The reflected wavelengths determine the color we see. • So what we call red paint is paint that absorbs green and blue.

  20. The Sun gives off "white" light, a mixture of all the colors in the spectrum. The object appears BLACK because RED, BLUE, and GREEN are all absorbed, which leaves nothing to be reflected. We see the color BLACK.

  21. Subtractive Mixing/ Primaries

  22. Why called subtractive?! • Because each color printed on to a stock subtracts from white and if the 3 primaries overlap, black will result.

  23. Subtractive Mixing/ Primaries Cyan Yellow Magenta

  24. Secondary for Subtractive Mixing Cyan + Yellow = Green Yellow + Magenta + Red Magenta + Cyan + Blue

  25. Complementary Colors • Two hues directly opposite one another on a color wheel which, when mixed together in proper proportions, produce a neutral gray.

  26. Complementary Colors • e.g., blue and orange, yellow and purple, red and green .

  27. Complementary Colors • When a pair of high intensity complements are placed side by side, they seem to vibrate and draw attention to the element

  28. sample Henri Matisse - Woman with the Hat, Paris - 1904-5

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