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qrMg DunI Aqy gqI

iqAwr krqw:- qrivMdr kOr srkwrI hweI skUl brst[ jmwq-nONvIN. ividAwrQIAW dy nW rIqU rwxI jspRIq kOr hrpRIq isMG lvpRIq isMG AMimRq kOr. qrMg DunI Aqy gqI. pUrv igAwn pRSn. lihrW kI hn? lihrW ikvyN c`ldIAW hn? AsIN ikvyN suxdy hW? durwE gqI kI hY? Awvrq gqIAW kI hn?.

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qrMg DunI Aqy gqI

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  1. iqAwr krqw:- qrivMdr kOr srkwrI hweI skUl brst[ jmwq-nONvIN ividAwrQIAW dy nW rIqU rwxI jspRIq kOr hrpRIq isMG lvpRIq isMG AMimRq kOr qrMg DunI Aqy gqI

  2. pUrv igAwn pRSn lihrW kI hn? lihrW ikvyN c`ldIAW hn? AsIN ikvyN suxdy hW? durwE gqI kI hY? Awvrq gqIAW kI hn?

  3. ie`k AijhI gqI huMdI hY ijhVI ik QoVHy-QoVHy icr bwAd muV vwprdI hY[iksy vsqU dI AijhI gqI nUM duhrwE gqI ikhw jWdw hY[audwhrx 1JUly dI gqI 2.GVI dI gqI

  4. gqI mu`K qOr’qy do pRkwr dI huMdI hY[1.folx/kMpn gqI 2.qrMg gqI

  5. folx gqI goly dw iek isKrlI siQqI qo dUUjI isKrlI siQqI Aqy muV pihly vwlI siQqI qy vwips AwEux nUM folx gqI kihMdy hn[ ies iv`c sMquln siQqI ‘qy ivcwr nhIN kIqw jWdw[ kMpn gqI goly dw sMquln siQqI qoN isKrlI siQqI iPr sMquln siQqI qoN lMG ky dUjI isKrlI siQqI Aqy vwps sMwuln siQqI ‘qy AwauNx nUMM kMpn gqI kihMdy hn[ ies iv`c sMquln siQqI ‘qy ivcwr kIqw jWdw hY[ folx/kMpn gqI

  6. ieh hlcl dI ie`k ie`k iksm hY ijhVI ie`k pdwrQ mwiDAm iv`coN dI kMpn gqI kwrx pdwrQ kxW nUM dQwn AMqirq krdI hY[ qrMg dy sMcwr leI ku`J jrUrI SrqW:- mwiDAm lckIlw hoxw cwhIdw hY[ mwiDm iv`c ku`J jVHqw lwjmI hY[ qrMg gqI

  7. qrMgW dy pRkwr tRWsvrs qrMg 2.lWgIicaUfInl qrMg

  8. tRWsvrs qrMg • ie`k tRWsvr qrMg iv`c mwiDAm dy kx au`pr Aqy hyTW v`l kMpn krdy hn jdoN ik hlcl iKiqj idSw iv`c cldI hY[ • ieh qrMg aucwxW Aqy invwxW dI bxI huMdI hY[ • do nwl lwgvyN aucwxW jW do nwl lgvyN invwxW ivckwr dUrI nUM qrMg lMbweI kihMdy hn[

  9. lWgIicaUfInl qrMg • ieh AwpxI sMquln AvsQw dy ie`Dr au`Drv idSw iv`c kMpn krdy hn[ • ie`k npIVn Aqy ie`k ivrl lWgIicaUfIl qrMg bxwNdI hY[ • ie`k npIVn Aqy ie`k ivrl ivckwr dI dUUrI nUM qrMg lMbweI kihMdy hn[

  10. AwvrqI qrMgW dy l`Cx • qrMg lMbweI :-ie`k qrMg dI lMbweI nUMqrMg lMbweIikhw jWdw hY[ • AwXwm :-ieh kMpn kr rhy kxW dI squln AvsQw qoN AiDkqm duUrI huMdI hY[ies dI iekweI mItr hY[ • Awvrq kwl:-ie`k qrMg nUM clx iv`c l`gy smyN nUM qrMg dw Awvrq kwl ikhw jWdw hY[ • AwivRqI :-iksy kx duAwrw ie`k sikMt iv`c pUry kIqy kMpnW dI igxqI nUM AwivRqI AwKdy hn[ieh hrtj ivc mwpI jWdI hY[ • qrMg vyg:-qrMg duAwrw ie`k SikMt iv`c qYA kIqIdUrI nUMqrMg vygAwKdy hn[ies di S.IiekweI mI/sY hY[

  11. AwvrqI qrMg leI qrMg vyg,AwivRqI Aqy qrMg-lMbweI ivckwr sMbMD • qrMg vyg=AwivRqI qrMg-lMbweI

  12. DunI • DunI dw sMcwr lWgIicaUfIl qrMgW dy rUpiv`c huMdw hY[ • DunI qrMgW iv`c npIVnW Aqy ivrlW huMdIAW hn[ • DunI qrMgW inrvwXU iv`c kdy nhIN cl skdIAW[ bhuq swrw sMgIq swzW dIAw qwrW dy kMpnW kwrx jW iPr hvw sqMBW dy kMpn kwrx auqpMn kIqw jWdw hY[

  13. suxnXog sImw • ie`k swDwrx mnu`KI kMn 20 hrtz qoN 20,000 hrtz q`k AwivRqI vwlIAW DunIAW leI hI sMvydnSIl hY[AwivRqI dI ies sImw nUM suxnXog sImw kihMdy hn[

  14. pwrsRvx qrMgW Aqy aunHW dy aupXog • auh DunI qrMgW,ijnHW dI AwvrqI 20,000 hrtz qoN izAwdw huMdI hy pwrsRvx qrMgW jW pwrsRvx DunI AKvwauNdIAW hn[pwrsRvx qrMgW nUM mnu`KI kMn nhIN sux skdy[ • aupXog:- • SONAR iv`c ienHW dI vrqoN –pnfu`bIAW dI ryNj dI imxqI leI kIqI jWdI hY[ • bYktIrIAw dw AMq krn Aqy ies qrHW du`D nUM jIvwxU rihq bxwauNx leI huMdI hY[ • Tos vsqW iv`c surwK Aqy qryVW l`Bx leI kIqI jWdI hY[

  15. gUMj • ie`k prwvrqk qoN auicq dUrI qy bolI geI AwpxI hI Avwz dw duhrwE gUMj huMdI hY[ • prwvriqq DunI swfy kMn iv`c mUl DunI 0.1 sikMt qoN bwAd AwauNxI cwhIdI hY[ • DunI somy Aqy DunI prwvrqk ivckwr dUrI 17.2 mItr hixI cwhIdI hY[

  16. AiBAws qrMg lMbweI dI pirBwSw idE[ AwvrqI nUM mwpx dI iekweI kI hY? lWgIicaUfInl qrMg kI hY? mnu`K dI suxnXog ryNj kI hY? Swz ikhVIAW qrMgW kwrn v`jdy hn ig`dV ikhVI DunI sux skdy hn?

  17. DMnvwd

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