1 / 52

Hearing: How do we hear?

Hearing: How do we hear?. Hearing: The Nature of Sound. Module 9: Sensation. Sound. Sound, like light, comes in waves Sound is vibration Features of sound include: Pitch Hertz decibels. Pitch. A sound’s highness or lowness Dependent on the frequency of the sound wave

giulio
Télécharger la présentation

Hearing: How do we hear?

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Hearing: How do we hear?

  2. Hearing: The Nature of Sound Module 9: Sensation

  3. Sound • Sound, like light, comes in waves • Sound is vibration • Features of sound include: • Pitch • Hertz • decibels

  4. Pitch • A sound’s highness or lowness • Dependent on the frequency of the sound wave • Is measured as hertz (Hz)

  5. Hertz (Hz) • A measure of the number of sound wave peaks per second; measures “frequency” • Determines the pitch of the sound • Human hearing goes from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz

  6. Decibel (dB) • A measure of the height of the sound wave • Determines the loudness of the sound • Sometimes called amplitude

  7. Pitch • A sound’s highness or lowness in tone • Dependent on the frequency of the sound wave – the more “waves per second” the higher the frequency or pitch • Is measured as hertz (Hz)

  8. Hertz (Hz) • A measure of the number of sound wave peaks per second; measures “frequency” • Determines the pitch of the sound • Human hearing goes from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz

  9. Decibel (dB) • A measure of the height of the sound wave • Determines the loudness of the sound • Sometimes called amplitude

  10. What are good sounds versus bad • What volume do you think is okay? • Not good, not bad? • Bad?

  11. Hearing: The Structure of the Auditory System Module 9: Sensation

  12. Break It Down • Sound waves are collectedin the outer ear, amplifiedin the middle ear, and transduced, in the inner ear.

  13. PINNA The visible part of the outer ear. • It collects sound and directs it into the outer ear canal.

  14. Parts of the Ear – Sound Waves

  15. Auditory Canal • The opening through which sound waves travel as they move into the ear for processing • Ends at the eardrum

  16. Parts of the Ear – Auditory Canal

  17. THE MIDDLE EAR

  18. Eardrum • Also called the tympanicmembrane. A thin membrane that vibrates when sound waves reach it. • it transfers sound vibration from the air to the tiny bones of the middle ear • Can be damaged by objects in the ear or exceptionally loud noises

  19. Parts of the Ear – Tympanic Membrane

  20. Bones of the middle ear - Ossicles • Three tiny bones that transfer sound waves from the eardrum to the cochlea • Hammer, anvil and stirrup • Fun fact: the stirrup is the smallest bone in the human body – only .25 cm

  21. Parts of the Ear - Occicles

  22. Oval Window • The point on the surface of the cochlea which receives the sound vibration from the bones of the middle ear (ossicles) • As the oval window vibrates, the fluid in the cochlea vibrates.

  23. Parts of the Ear – Oval Window

  24. Cochlea • A hearing organ where sound waves are changed into neural impulses (transduction) • The major organ of hearing • Filled with fluid; a snail shaped body tube

  25. Parts of the Ear - Cochlea

  26. Hair Cells • The receptor cells for hearing in the cochlea that change sound vibrations into neural impulses • Transduction!

  27. Parts of the Ear - Hair Cells

  28. Parts of the Ear – Oval Window

  29. Auditory Nerve • The nerve that carries sound information from the ears to the temporal lobes of the brain

  30. Parts of the Ear – Auditory Nerve

  31. Divisions of the Ear • Ear’s structure can be divided into: • The outer ear • The middle ear • The inner ear

  32. Divisions of the Ear

  33. Divisions of the Ear

  34. Divisions of the Ear

  35. Hearing • Sound comes into the ear • Goes through the ear canal to the eardrum • Ear drum changes sound into vibrations • Vibrations go through middle ear to the inner ear –

  36. Hearing • Where vibrations are changed into neural impulses so that the brain can read / interpret the sound – • What are the receptors cells for hearing?

  37. Problems with hearing • Conduction deafness* (middle ear damage) • Nerve deafness (hair cell or auditory nerve damage)

  38. Hearing: Sound Localization Module 9: Sensation

  39. Localization of Sound • Locating where sound is originating from • Done through two cues: • Which ear hears the sound first? • Which ear hears the louder sound?

  40. Localization of Sound

  41. YOU Break It Down This Time. • Sound waves are ______in the outer ear, _______in the middle ear, and ________, in the inner ear.

  42. Another sense in your ears? • Is there another sense in your ear? • Time to do an experiment – let’s find out… out to the hallway we go!!!!

  43. Vestibular Sense • The system for sensing body orientation and balance • Relies on fluid in the semicircular canals of the inner ear • Spinning in circles disrupts the fluid.

  44. Parts of the Ear – Semicircular Canals

  45. Parts of the Ear – Semicircular Canals

More Related