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Human Resource Management

Human Resource Management. Lecture-36. Summary of Lecture-35. Unions. Union Benefits. Higher wages and benefits Influence work rules Greater job security Dealing with management. Effect of Unions on Management. Collective Bargaining. Grievance. Phases of Labor Relations.

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Human Resource Management

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  1. Human Resource Management Lecture-36

  2. Summaryof Lecture-35

  3. Unions

  4. Union Benefits • Higher wages and benefits • Influence work rules • Greater job security • Dealing with management

  5. Effect of Unions on Management

  6. Collective Bargaining

  7. Grievance

  8. Phases of Labor Relations • Union organizing • Collective bargaining • Contract administration

  9. Today’s Topics

  10. Conflict and Negotiation

  11. Conflict

  12. The process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party.

  13. Perceived by the parties • Parties are in opposition to one another • At least one party is blocking the goal attainment of the other party

  14. Goals can be tangible or psychological • Money • Task Achievement • Happiness

  15. “a process which begins when one party perceives that the other is frustrated, or is about to frustrate, some concern of his (or her).”

  16. Organizational conflict

  17. Organizational hierarchy • Competition for scarce resources • Self-image & stereotypical views of others

  18. Differing goals & objectives • Failures & resultant blame fixing • Poor coordination of activities

  19. Transitions in Conflict Thought

  20. Traditional View Human Relations View Interactionist View

  21. Traditional • Conflict is bad & should be avoided • Results from lack of openness & trust

  22. Evidence of a failure in management • The “Common Sense” view of conflict

  23. Human Relations • Conflict is a natural occurrence • We should accept conflict

  24. Interactionist • The view of current Conflict Theory • Conflict should be encouraged & managed

  25. Brings life, creativity & synergy • Two kinds: • Functional • Dysfunctional

  26. Is Conflict Good or Bad?

  27. Functions of Conflict • Synergy • Promotion of change • Promotes goal achievement • Dysfunctions of Conflict • Wasted time & energy • Stress • Detracts from the goal of the group

  28. Organizational Conflict Outcomes

  29. Dysfunctional outcomes • Diverts energy and resources • Encourages organizational politics • Encourages stereotyping • Weakens knowledge management • Potential benefits • Improves decision making • Strengthens team dynamics

  30. Sources of Conflict

  31. Goals conflict with goals of others Goal Incompatibility Different Values and Beliefs • Different beliefs due to unique background, experience, training • Caused by specialized tasks, careers • Explains misunderstanding in cross-cultural and merger relations

  32. Pooled Resource A B C Sequential A B C Reciprocal A B C Three levels of interdependence Goal Incompatibility Different Values and Beliefs Task Interdependence

  33. Goal Incompatibility Different Values and Beliefs Task Interdependence Scarce Resources • Increases competition for resources to fulfill goals Ambiguity • Lack of rules guiding relations • Encourages political tactics

  34. Goal Incompatibility Different Values and Beliefs Task Interdependence • Lack of opportunity • --reliance on stereotypes • Lack of ability • -- arrogant communication heightens conflict perception • Lack of motivation • -- conflict causes lower motivation to communicate, increases stereotyping Scarce Resources Ambiguity Communication Problems

  35. Levels of Conflict

  36. Level of conflict Type of conflict Within and between organizations Organization Within and between groups Group Within and between individuals Individual

  37. Types of Conflict

  38. Task conflict • Conflicts over content and goals of the work • Relationship conflict • Conflict based on interpersonal relationships • Process conflict • Conflict over how work get done

  39. Managing conflict effectively

  40. Identify the problem • Plan • Communicate effectively • Close at the appropriate moment • Follow up the outcomes

  41. Negotiation Skills

  42. What is negotiation? Negotiation is the process that is used to achieve agreement about the goals and the outcome of the situation

  43. Essential skills are.. • Planning and preparing thoroughly before a negotiation • Using appropriate techniques during the negotiation • Following up effectively • Evaluating the effectiveness of a negotiation

  44. Determine the negotiation outcome • Win/lose • Lose/lose • Win/win

  45. Win/lose Self Solution Resentment Other

  46. Lose/lose Self Resentment Resentment Other

  47. Win/win Self Solution Solution Two-way communication Other

  48. Lose-lose methods: compromise • Win-lose methods: dominance • Win-win methods: problem solving

  49. Negotiating the Agreement

  50. Preparation for bargaining Negotiating Committees Negotiating Structure Issues for negotiation

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