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Composition of Matter

Composition of Matter. Matter may be classified by its composition. Substances – matter that has a fixed composition. (pure) Matter can be an: Element – made up of atoms Compound – made up of elements Mixture – two or more substances mixed together. Chemical Changes. Elements  Compounds

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Composition of Matter

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  1. Composition of Matter • Matter may be classified by its composition. • Substances – matter that has a fixed composition. (pure) • Matter can be an: • Element – made up of atoms • Compound – made up of elements • Mixture – two or more substances mixed together

  2. Chemical Changes • Elements  Compounds • 2H2 + O2  2H20 • Compounds  Element • Electricity + H2O  H2 + O2

  3. Elements • Can not be broken down chemically • Found on the Periodic Table • First letter capitalized • CO  Carbon Monoxide (compound) • Co  Cobalt (element) • Latin PbPlumbum • Table S of Reference Table • Properties of Selected Elements

  4. Compounds • Two or more elements chemically combined. • Can be broken down chemically. • Heat or electricity • Have fixed composition. • H20 (2 Hydrogen, 1 Oxygen) • H20 by mass (11.1% Hydrogen, 88.9% Oxygen)

  5. Compounds • Elements properties change in compounds. Na + Cl2 NaCl (explosive (poisonous (Good on in water) in water) french fries)

  6. Compounds • Bonds hold atoms together to make a molecule. • Attractive forces between molecules determines phase. • Stronger bonds  liquids • Weaker bonds  gas

  7. Mixtures • Two or more substances mixed together. • Not a substance • Composition can vary • (A little or a lot of salt in water makes salt water)

  8. Homogeneous Mixture • Same throughout • Is in Solution – one thing dissolves in another • Salt + Water • Sugar + Water

  9. Heterogeneous Mixture • Not uniform, clumpy • Doesn’t dissolve • Orange juice • Mud puddle

  10. Learning Check • Hydrogen Peroxide • Compound • Air • Homogeneous Mixture • Salad Dressing • Heterogeneous Mixture • Dirt • Heterogeneous Mixture • Gold • Element • Wild Bird Seed • Heterogeneous Mixture • Carbon Dioxide • Compound • Coffee • Homogeneous Mixture

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