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Speed of Sound

Speed of Sound. The speed of sound depends on the medium through which the sound waves travel. Properties of a medium that determine the speed of sound: -density -compressibility. Density – the amount of material in a unit volume of a substance.

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Speed of Sound

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  1. Speed of Sound

  2. The speed of sound depends on the medium through which the sound waves travel. • Properties of a medium that determine the speed of sound: -density -compressibility

  3. Density – the amount of material in a unit volume of a substance. • Compressibility – measures how easily a substance can be crushed into a smaller volume. The denser a medium is and the more compressible it is, the slower the speed of sound is.

  4. In general, liquid and solids are denser than air. Sound travels faster through liquids and solids than it does air. • Sound travels about 4 times faster through water and about 15 times through steel. • The speed of sound through air is commonly measured at sea level at 59⁰F (15⁰C).

  5. At 59 ⁰F, sound travels 1 116 feet (340 meters) per second The speed of sound increases as the air temperature rises. The speed of sound is much slower than the speed of light.Light travels 186 282 (299 792 kilometers) per second– almost a million times faster than sound.

  6. Shock waves – strong pressure disturbance that build up around the aircraft • Sonic boom – the sound associated with the shock waves created by an object traveling through the air faster than the speed of sound. The speed of sound v is related to the frequency f and wavelength of the sound wave by the following formula

  7. Assume that the sound to be traveling constant across a medium d = vt d = distance of the sound heard v = speed of the sound t = time before you heard the sound

  8. EXAMPLE Using binoculars, you saw someone fired a gun from a distance. You heard the sound 2 second later. How far away are you from the person? Use the speed of sound = 340 m/s. Answer

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