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Comparison of Intel Microprocessor 8086, 386, 486, Pentium II

Rivier College, CS699A Professional Seminar Fall 1999. Comparison of Intel Microprocessor 8086, 386, 486, Pentium II. by Hong Li. Introduction.

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Comparison of Intel Microprocessor 8086, 386, 486, Pentium II

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  1. Rivier College, CS699A Professional Seminar Fall 1999 Comparison of Intel Microprocessor8086, 386, 486, Pentium II by Hong Li

  2. Introduction Computer technology has made incredible progress in the past half century. In 1945, there were no stored-program computers. Today, a few thousand dollars will purchase a personal computer that has more performance, more main memory, and more disk storage than a computer bought in 1965 for $1 million. During the first 25 years of electronic computers, both forces made a major contribution; but beginning in about 1970, computer designers became largely dependent upon integrated circuit technology. The late 1970s saw the emergence of the microprocessor. • What is a microprocessor ?

  3. The Intel 8086 Microprocessor It is a 16-bit microprocessor chip available in speeds of 8MHz, 10MHz, and 12MHz. It can address 1 Mb of data with only 16-bit address. This is accomplished by segmenting memory into separate 64K groups of data. Hardware and instructions integral to the 8086 control each 64K group.

  4. The Intel 8086 Microprocessor(continued) • Memory Structure • Data storage in 8086 memory • Paragraphs • Program Segmentation and Segment Registers • Hardware Registers • Flags • Input/Output (I/O) Structure

  5. Intel 386 Microprocessor It is an entry-level 32-bit microprocessor designed for single-user applications and operating systems such as MS-DOS and Windows.Base Architecturethe Intel 386 consists of three major components: • a central processing unit (CPU) • a memory management unit -- segmentation unit -- the paging mechanism the Intel has two modes of operation: Real Address Mode (Real Mode), and Protected Virtual Address Mode (Protected Mode). • a bus interface

  6. Intel 386 Microprocessor(continued)Registers

  7. Intel 386 Microprocessor(continued)

  8. Intel 386 Microprocessor(continued) • Instruction Set The instruction set is divided into nine categories of operations • Addressing Modes TheIntel 386 provides a total of 11 addressing modes for instructions to specify operands • Memory organization • I/O Space • Real Mode Architecture • Protected Mode Architecture

  9. Intel 486 microprocessor The Intel 486 CPU offers the highest performance for DOS, OS/2, Windows, and UNIX system V/Intel 386 applications. Its 100% binary compatible with the Intel 386 CPU. • Architectural Overview • Real Mode Architecture. • Protected Mode Architecture • On-Chip Cache

  10. Pentium II Microprocessor The Pentium II processor features and benefits can enhance user’s computing experience: Introduction, Product Highlights,Dynamic Execution Technology, Intel MMX Technology, Thesting and Performance Monitioring Features. • Introduction • Product Highlights • Testing and Performance Monitoring Features

  11. Summary • The Intel 8086 It is a 16-bit architecture, with all internal registers 16 bits wide. • The Intel 80386wereincluded a 32-bit data bus structure and the ability to address up to 4GB of memory. • The Intel 80486was a 32-bit data bus structure, and the ability to address up to 64GB of memory. • The Pentium II processor was a 7.5 million-transistor, it incorporates the Pentium pro and the Intel MMX technology, which is designed specifically to process video, audio and graphics data efficiently.

  12. References: • --http://www.tasc.com/products/horizonmaster/HTML/irm/in/intel/init/html/intel486.htm • --http://www.tasc.com/products/horizonmaster/HTML/irm/in/intel/init/html/intel386.htm • --http://www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/~dmh/d7/resource/intro/tsld012.htm • --http://www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/~dmh/d7/resource/intro/tsld013.htm • --http://developer.intel.com/design/processor/future/roadmap.htm • --http://developer.intel.com/design/processor/future/overview.htm • --http://intel.com/pentiumii/xeon/home.htm • --http://intel.com/PentiumIII/Xeon/home.htm • David A. Patterson & John L. Hennessy, "Computer Architecture a Quantitative Approach,“ 2nd edition, pp. 1-3, pp. D1- D14. • "Intel Microprocessor: Volume I", 1994, Pg 1-1---1-66, Pg 3-1---3-30. • "Intel Microprocessor: Volume II", 1994, Pg 2-2, Pg 2-2---2-85. • Robert S. Lai, "Writing MS-DOS Device Drivers", 2nd edition, The Waite Group, pp. 461- 474.

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