1 / 18

Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Update 2005. Oslo Accords, 1993. between Israel and the PLO treaty included: mutual recognition limited self-rule for Palestinians in Jericho and Gaza. provisions for a permanent treaty that would resolve the status of Gaza and the West Bank.

nau
Télécharger la présentation

Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Update 2005

  2. Oslo Accords, 1993 • between Israel and the PLO • treaty included: • mutual recognition • limited self-rule for Palestinians in Jericho and Gaza • provisions for a permanent treaty that would resolve the status of Gaza and the West Bank. • agreement was sealed by a historic handshake between Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin.

  3. Hebron Massacre, 1994 • an extremist Jewish settler killed 39 Palestinians as they prayed in a West Bank mosque. • Israel withdrew in May from Jericho on the West Bank and from Gaza. • Arafat entered Gaza and swore in members of the Palestinian Authority, which took control of education and culture, social welfare, tourism, health and taxation

  4. Rabin Assassination, 1995 • Rabin and Peres signed an agreement expanding Palestinian self-rule in the West Bank and giving the Palestinian Authority control over six large West Bank towns • Rabin was assassinated at a peace rally two months later by an Israeli law student with connections to right-wing extremists

  5. Palestinian/Israeli Elections, 1996 • first-ever elections held by Palestinians • Arafat was the overwhelming choice as president of the Palestinian Authority • Israel, a massive bus bomb set off by Islamic extremists killed 25 and wounded dozens • Hard-line Likud Party leader Benjamin Netanyahu defeated Peres in a close race. • Netanyahu and Arafat pledged to work toward a final peace treaty • later that year, Israeli gov’t to end a freeze on construction in the occupied territories • Clashes continued

  6. Handover of Housing and Hamas, 1997 • Hebron (West Bank) returned to Palestinian control after 30 years • Netanyahu (Israeli PM) approved a large new Jewish housing project in eastern Jerusalem • New violence broke out--suicide bombs in an outdoor market in Jerusalem that killed 15 and wounded 170. • An extremist Palestinian group called Hamas claimed responsibility, and the Israeli Cabinet insisted the peace talks would continue only when the terrorism stopped.

  7. Wye River Accords, 1998 • yearlong stalemate, marathon 21-hour session, mediated Clinton • Netanyahu and Arafat signed a land-for-peace deal • crackdown on terrorists • redeployment of Israeli troops • transfer of 14.2 percent of the West Bank land to Palestinian control • safe passage corridors for Palestinians between Gaza and the West Bank • the release of 750 Palestinians from Israeli prisons

  8. Barak by a Landslide, 1999 • Moderate Labor candidate Ehud Barak unseated Netanyahu in the May prime minister election • winning by a record margin • Israel released 200 Palestinian prisoners and began transferring West Bank land to Palestinian control as part of the terms of the Wye accords.

  9. Impasse, more fighting, 2000 • Clinton moderated a summit between Barak and Arafat at Camp David as the September 13 deadline for a final peace accord approached. • The talks ended after 15 days with no agreement. • Arafat rejected Barak's offer for control of most, but not all, the territory Israel occupied in the 1967 Six-Day War.

  10. Israeli right-wing opposition leader Ariel Sharon led a delegation to a Jerusalem site that Jews and Muslims consider sacred. • Crowds of Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank began attacking Israeli security forces after the controversial visit. • Barak's support eroded, and he resigned in December, calling for a special prime minister election to be held in February 2001.

  11. Sharon’s victory; renewed violence After months of stepped-up violence between Palestinians and Israelis, Likud Party leader Ariel Sharon defeated Ehud Barak by a landslide in Israel's February 6 special election for prime minister.

  12. The September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States sparked a renewed interest in the Mideast peace process • But violence erupted again in December after explosions in Jerusalem and the northern Israeli port city of Haifa, which killed at least 25 Israelis and three suicide bombers. • The attacks led to major Israeli military strikes against Palestinian targets in the West Bank and Gaza, and a new round of violence started, stalling the peace process once more.

  13. Violence intensifies, 2002 • The situation in the Mideast worsened: • constant barrage of suicide bombings and Israeli military actions. • Israeli forces invaded Palestinian refugee camps to flush out what Israelis say are militants • multiple suicide bombings were carried out by Hamas, Islamic Jihad and the Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, a military offshoot of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement.

  14. The conflict raged despite a series of diplomatic efforts: • Saudi Crown Prince Abdullah put forth a peace plan in which Arab states would recognize Israel's right to exist in exchange for its return to pre-1967 borders • The U.S., E.U., U.N. and Russia later submitted a three-phase plan calling for a Palestinian state and conclusive peace accord by 2005 • But Israeli and Palestinian officials failed to reach any major agreements.

  15. Road Map to peace…2003 • The second intifada continued with Palestinian suicide bombings taking place in Tel Aviv and Haifa. • Israel retaliated against what it said are known Palestinian terrorists and the homes of suicide bombers. • Israelis returned incumbent prime minister Ariel Sharon to power in a January general election. • The main opposition Labor party saw its public support collapse, after its leader campaigned on a plan to withdraw Jewish settlers and Israeli soldiers from Gaza and to resume negotiations with the Palestinians, including Yasser Arafat.

  16. Abbas as Prime Minister • Arafat, under international pressure, instituted a constitutional reform for the Palestinian Authority • transferred some of his powers to the newly created post of prime minister. • Mahmoud Abbas elected to that position

  17. Reforms that didn’t work • Abbas resigned as Prime Minister after 3 or 4 months because he felt helpless as Prime Minister. He did not feel that enough power was transferred to his authority • Ahmed Qurie replaced him as Prime Minister until Arafat’s death and the subsequent election.

  18. Events of 2005… Coming soon from a project near you…

More Related