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Chapter 31

Chapter 31. Europe & North America (1945-1968). elections. At Yalta, allies agreed that Eastern Europe’s countries should have their own ________________. socialist.

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Chapter 31

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  1. Chapter 31 Europe & North America (1945-1968)

  2. elections • At Yalta, allies agreed that Eastern Europe’s countries should have their own ________________ .

  3. socialist • Stalin believed Eastern European nations should be taught ____________ principles before they elected their own governments.

  4. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) • _________________- proposed a United Nations organization (UN) to help keep world security.

  5. Potsdam (Germany) • The ______________ Conference set basic principles for postwar Germany, including its temporary division between East and West control.(July/August 1945)

  6. industrialized • The U.S. & Britain wanted Germany to remain _________________ to help Europe’s economy. (Image is of the present flag of Germany).

  7. Nuremberg • The _________________ trials declared the Nazi Party a criminal organization. Image:US soldiers stand guard at main cellblock of prison where top Nazis were held.

  8. General Assembly • The UN’s ___________ _____________ was open to any nation that wanted to join.

  9. UN security council • (UNSC) is the organ of the United Nations charged with the maintenance of international peace and security.

  10. The Security Council seated five permanent members who were originally drawn from the victorious powers after World War II: • The Republic of China- (now Taiwan) • The French Republic • The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics • The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland • The United States of America

  11. The People's Republic of China The Russian Federation Two of the original members, the Republic of China and the Soviet Union, were later replaced by recognizedsuccessor states:

  12. India and Japan • Some people think ___________ and __________ should be on the UN’s security council because of their large populations and/or economies.

  13. communist • ·The Soviets wanted _________________ governments along their borders.

  14. neutral • To achieve independence, Austria agreed to remain ____________.

  15. Chapter 31 – Section 2 • Origins of the Cold War – image is a Soviet propaganda poster from the mid- 1940’s

  16. Occupied Germany, 1945–1955 • After the war, the Allies decided to divide Germany into zones of military occupation.

  17. Eastern Bloc Nations • The Soviet Union & its supporters became known as _____________________________.

  18. ideas • The Cold War can best be described as a war of ______. ie: communism vs. capitalism or democracy. Poster is American (1947)

  19. communism • The West believed that Stalin’s “buffer nations” were a prelude to the expansion of ________________

  20. communism • The Truman Doctrine stated that the U.S. would help prevent the spread of _________________.

  21. containment • _________________- term for the U.S. commitment to restrict the spread of communism. Image: Truman checks Stalin

  22. Marshall Plan • The ______________ Plan helped Europe recover economically. Image: A plea for help from Western Europe

  23. food & materials • ·       The Berlin Airlift was the distribution of _________ and • ______________ to West Berlin by the U.S. and it’s allies.

  24. Warsaw • The _____________ Pact – was the mutual defense agreement among Eastern Bloc (communist) nations. Image says: “Made in Moscow.”

  25. NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization • an alliance of twelve Western nations formed in 1949. • Image: Plans for NATO published

  26. Chapter 31 – Sec. 3 Rebuilding Europe

  27. market • West Germany’s _______________ economy helped its quick recovery from the war. Image re: Marshall Plan- “C’mon Sam, it’s up to us again.”

  28. Berlin Wall • ·       The East German government put up the ________________to prevent their people from running to the West. In 1961 more than 1,000 East Germans were fleeing to West Berlin every day. To halt the flow, East Germany built this. After its construction, more than 170 people died trying to escape over it.

  29. prices • The European Economic Commission (EEC) tried to strengthen their economies by stabilizing tariffs, wages, and __________ for its members.

  30. collectivized • Eastern European nations tried to strengthen their economies with heavy industrialization and ________________ farming. Image: The First Tractor

  31. Lack of freedom from the Soviet Union led to failed revolts in: • East Germany - 1953 • Hungary – 1956 • Czechoslavakia – 1968 • Image: Hungarian freedom fighter near 2 destroyed Soviet tanks

  32. Chapter 31 – Section 4 • The United States and Canada

  33. Joseph McCarthy • - leader of “exaggerated” anti-communist movement.

  34. Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) • - created the “Great Society” program of reforms.

  35. LBJ takes oath of office • On the plane to Wash., D.C. after assassination of JFK

  36. National Association For The Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) • - civil rights organization.

  37. Martin Luther King, Jr. • - civil rights activist. • Image- with LBJ in 1966

  38. Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) • _______________________- attempt to stop communist advances in South Korea.

  39. Brown v. Board of Education • U. S. Supreme Court decision which desegregated schools. (1954) • Image: George E.C. Hayes, Thurgood Marshall, and James Nabrit, congratulating each other, following Supreme Court decision declaring segregation unconstitutional

  40. Cuban Missile Crisis • ________________- U.S. and Soviet standoff over communist weapons in the western hemisphere.Image:President Kennedy in a crowded Cabinet Room during this tense crisis of the Cold War (Oct., 1962)

  41. John F. Kennedy (JFK) • _________________- U.S. president during the Cuban missile crisis. • Image:President signs the Proclamation for Interdiction of the Delivery of Offensive Weapons to Cuba at the Oval Office on October 23, 1962.

  42. Eisenhower Doctrine • ____________________________-provided economic & military anticommunist aid in the Middle East. (1957)

  43. Parti Quebecois • _________________- organization wanting to separate from Canada. • Flag Left: Quebec • Flag Right: Canada

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