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Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management Institute Bhopal rakeshddubey@hotmail.com

Hazards Identification and Risk Assessment And On-site and off-site Emergency Management Plans . Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management Institute Bhopal rakeshddubey@hotmail.com. Hazardous gases/liquids in Indian Industries. LPG , Propane ( under pressure in liquid phase )

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Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management Institute Bhopal rakeshddubey@hotmail.com

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  1. Hazards Identification and Risk Assessment And On-site and off-site Emergency Management Plans Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management Institute Bhopal rakeshddubey@hotmail.com

  2. Hazardous gases/liquids in Indian Industries • LPG , Propane (under pressure in liquid phase) • Ammonia (under pressure/refrigeration in liquid phase) • Chlorine (under pressure in liquid phase) • Hydrogen (under pressure in gases)

  3. Causality chain Emission MODELLING or MONITORING Environmental distribution Exposure Effects

  4. Point sources Diffuse sources Line sources Sources Source types:

  5. Peak emissions Intermittent emissions Blockemissions Types of Emissions Continuous emissions

  6. Spatial scales • Local scale • Area around one point source • Average environmental characteristics • “Reasonable worst case” scenario • Regional scale • Area of 200 x 200 km • 20 million inhabitants • 100 or 10% of production • Average environmentalcharacteristics

  7. Key Points: RAIN! What can I do? • Recognize • Avoid • Isolate • Notify

  8. Recognize • Unusual Activity / Behavior • Hazardous weather conditions • Things out of place • Unexplained liquids • Strange smells • Abnormal fogs or mists • Suspicious Packages ?

  9. AvoidWhat Do I Stay Away From? Don’t become a victim Don’t rush in The 4 Don’ts Don’t TEST (Taste, Eat, Smell, Touch) Don’t assume anything

  10. Isolate Keep others away from hazard area

  11. Notify • Immediate Supervisor • Hospital Emergency Phone Number Remember RAIN! Recognize, Avoid, Isolate, Notify

  12. RAIN! Example #1 • Recognize: Suspicious Package • Avoid: Do not touch object • Isolate: Contain the area & keep others away from hazard area • Notify: Call for help

  13. RAIN! Example #2 • Recognize: Chemical Spill • Avoid: Do not touch, taste, or smell • Isolate: Contain the scene & keep others away from hazard area • Notify: Call for help

  14. Industrial Disaster Management Cycle: OECD

  15. What to do? • How to do? • Is there any way exists?

  16. Disaster Management Planning both on-site (Schedule 11) and off-site (Schedule 12) of MS&IHC Rules 1989 of EPA 1986 with following components: A. Risk Assessment & Management B. Emergency Preparedness C. Community Dialogue

  17. Part one • Disaster Impact Assessment • Toxic release, heat fluxes, pressure waves

  18. Risk Assessment & Management 1. evaluate range of potential incidents (without considering possible causes) 2. put mitigation in place for foreseeable ones 3. evaluate community consequences for range of incidents,

  19. a) credibleworst case - largest tank or worst failure consequence - reasonable duration of release - passive mitigation in effect - credible worst weather b) worstimaginable case - largest tank or worst failure consequence - worst possible duration or release - no mitigation - worst possible weather

  20. Reliability Risk Assessment • Risk Based Maintenance Planning • Risk estimation • Hazard identification • Quantitative Hazard Assessment • Probabilistic Hazard Assessment • Risk Quantification • Risk evaluation • Setting up risk acceptance criteria • Risk comparison • Maintenance planning

  21. What may go wrong? What would be the impacts? Start How it may go wrong? How likely its occurrence? Hazard identification Probabilistic hazard assessment Quantitative hazard assessment Accident scenario development What maintenance schedule would reduce its likelihood of occurrence? Fault tree development Fault tree for the envisaged scenario Consequences analysis Fault tree analysis Apply maintenance measures and re-evaluate risk Risk estimation Suggest maintenance measures to control risk Whether risk is in acceptance? No Yes End

  22. Storage Conditions • Atmospheric Storage • Pressure Storage • Fully Refrigerated Storage • Semi-Refrigerated Storage • Gas Under Pressure Which condition is leading to significant impacts

  23. On-site Risk • Off-site Risk

  24. Hazards identification : Materials, process, regulatory, • Consequence of hazards • Likely hood of consequences • Frequency of occurrence • Calculation of Risk • Decision for weighing alternatives

  25. Part two • Preparedness, Planning, Response

  26. By putting prevention techniques • Through planning • By response plans • Through mitigation • Education and awareness • Best practices

  27. ALARP

  28. ALARP means ‘As Low As Reasonable Practicable’ ALARP demonstration means: To demonstrate that the project & associated systems and HSEMS will enable the facility to be operated & maintained safely such that residual risks to HSE are tolerable

  29. Good practices • Technical approaches

  30. Management review

  31. Transport Sector

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