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Smart Focal Planes for ELT Instruments

Smart Focal Planes for ELT Instruments. Colin Cunningham UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh.

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Smart Focal Planes for ELT Instruments

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  1. Smart Focal Planes for ELT Instruments Colin Cunningham UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh • Callum Norrie, Suzie Ramsay Howat, Peter Hastings, Eli Atad: UK ATC, Juergen Schmoll: Durham, Eric Prieto, Frederic Zamkotsian: LAM, Roger Haynes, Jeremy Bailey: AAO, Lorenzo Zago: CSEM, Paco Garzon: IAC, Ian Parry: Cambridge, Fabio Bortoletto: Padua • And many others at Astron, CRAL,TNO-TPD, Reflex, LFM Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  2. What do we mean by Smart Focal Planes? ‘Smart Focal Planes are devices that enable the efficient sampling of a telescope focal plane to feed spectroscopic and imaging instruments’ But note that we do not include smart pixel devices or photon counting detectors in this programme Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  3. Outline of programme • Technology Development Programme • Joint Research Activity (JRA5) of the EU-funded FP6 OPTICON Integrated Infrastructure Initiative • Funded for €1.8M over 4 years from EU with matching funds from partners • Led by the UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Edinburgh Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  4. Motivation • Put Europe in a leading position for developing instruments for the next generation of giant telescopes by developing technology to enable Smart Focal Planes Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  5. Participants Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  6. Setting Technology working specifications • Use ELT MOS instrument concepts from FP6 design study as challenging pointers for technology development • MOMSI to 100m OWL interface • WFSPEC Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  7. MOMSI • 0.8-2.5m • Imaging and IFU spectroscopy modes • Compatible with the MCAO field • Diffraction limited • Spatial sampling 2.5mas • R~4000 • Pick-offs: • 100 (goal of 1000) for spectroscopy; • 36 (goal of 250) for imaging Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  8. MOMSI Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  9. Technology Developments Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  10. Achievements Summary • Developed Instrument concepts to set working specifications for Technology Development • Reviewed enabling cryo-mechanical technologies • Working Starbug prototypes • Novel Pick and Place mechanism concept • Started development of beam-steering deformable mirrors • Developed replication techniques for image slicers • Identified source for cryo MOEMS mirrors for MOS Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  11. Beam manipulation • Evolution of technology development • GIRMOS – idea for optical pick-off arms • KMOS – chose pick-off arm concept, so no need to develop this further • Based concepts on LAM beam steering mirrors • Brought in Starbugs from AAO • Now parallel development of • Beam steering mirrors (LAM) • Active Starbugs (AAO) • Passive Pick-off mirrors & Pick and Place Mechanism (ATC, CSEM, Astron) Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  12. Starbugs • See Roger Haynes and Sam Barden’s talks Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  13. Pick-Off Mirrors & Positioner • Starbugs may have development problems, and without wireless power and control have trailing harness • Simple ‘Dumb Pick-Off Mirrors’ and a pick-and-place mechanism are seen as an alternative with longer heritage from fibre positioners Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  14. Planetary Positioner for Dumb POMS Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005 UK Patent applied for, number 0513339.2

  15. Gripper Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  16. Beam Steering Deformable Mirrors Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  17. ‘WFSPEC’ Slit-based MOS Spectrometer • Spec • 4’ FOV, GLAO or seeing-limited • 0.6 > 2.5 um • Very hard to do for F/6 OWL • We decided to base the slit MOS spec closer to 8-10m MOS instrument such as EMIR for GTC, with a 1’ FOV • This is still difficult – needs a very fast camera Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  18. Slit mechanisms • Developed for JWST NIRSPEC • Two alternatives: • Sliding bars – originally proposed by David Crampton, developed by CSEM • MOEMS shutters developed by Harvey Moseley at NASA Goddard • We are developing MOEMS mirrors Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  19. Macro mechanismLorenzo Zago, CSEM Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  20. Prototype for JWST Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  21. Development work in Opticon • Cost reductions • Slit bars • Extruded not ground • Machined rather than EDM • Novel actuator drives for 200 actuators for 50 slit mask Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  22. MOEMS reconfigurable slitsFrederic Zamkotsian, LAM Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  23. MOEMS Shutters for JWST Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  24. MOEMS modelling Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  25. MOEMS Mirror array spec • Programmable slit mask = micro-mirror array • One micro-mirror ON / astronomical element • Deflection angle: 20° (ON position) • Mirror surface flat • Gaps between mirrors have to be minimized • Micro-element size: 100 µm x 200 µm • Driving voltage: < 100 V • Array size: according to the field of view and the plate scale • Contrast ratio target: 3000 • Fill factor: > 90% • Reliability, cryoactuation, Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  26. MOEMS Mirror elements • Prototype devices being made at Institute of Microtechnology at University of Neuchatel, Switzerland • Following survey of ‘low cost’ MOEMS capabilities in Europe Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  27. Image Slicers • Replication seen as attractive for 100+ slicers • Test Pieces to determine design constraints & surface finish obtainable • Industry has expertise from X-ray Mirrors • Reflex (Czech Republic) & Media Lario (Italy) • Make replicated Image Slicer to GNIRS design Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  28. Aim: replicate GNIRS slicer Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  29. Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  30. The “replication challenger” parts Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  31. Surface profile Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  32. FibresIan Parry, IoA Cambridge • Fibre IFUs can be quite large for ELTs – 25mm diam. • Idea: fix IFU to glass plate using gas pressure – 47Kg force • Will work at -60C Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  33. Enabling Technology • Survey of Linear Slide Mechanisms - Astron • Survey of Actuators, Drives and Position sensors – UK ATC • Survey of Micro-robotics - CSEM • Metrology options – AAO • IR Fibres - Cambridge Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  34. Next steps • Decide on priorities for next phase of development • Develop working prototypes • Starbugs • Planetary Positioner • Beam Steering deformable mirrors • Replicated Image Slicer • MOEMS mirror elements • Propose prototype instrument based on these technologies • Build a MOMSI/MOMFIS ! Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  35. End of Ringberg Meeting!Critical Technologies for ELT Instruments • Affordable low-noise IR detectors (inc FP WFS!) • Atmospheric Dispersion Correction • Large optical elements & filters • Pick-off devices – powered & pick&place • Internal/Cryo Deformable Mirrors (Active/Adaptive) • Active flexure compensation & metrology • Light-weighting – new materials? • VPH & Immersion gratings, IR Grisms • Integral field units – slicers & fibres • Fibres > thermal IR, OH suppression • Cryogenics & coolers • Reconfigurable slit mechanisms Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  36. Opticon Key Technology Network • Developing a Technology Roadmap for Optical IR • Workshops: • Optics for ELT Instruments – Rome in October • Deformable Mirrors – Small/Medium/Large • Fibres > thermal IR • IR detectors • All welcome to contribute: • Email crc@roe.ac.uk • Twiki https://ssl.roe.ac.uk/twiki/bin/view/Optikeytec/WebHome Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

  37. IAU ELT Symposium • IAU Symposium 232: Scientific Requirements for Extremely Large Telescopes • Michel Dennefeld Symposium chair • http://www.saao.ac.za/IAUS232/ • Cape Town, South Africa • 2005 November 14 – 18 • Celebrate opening of SALT • Register now! Smart Focal Planes, Ringberg Castle ELT Instrument Workshop 2005

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