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Introd uction to dental materials

Introd uction to dental materials. Different branches of DENTISTRY. Conservative dentistry Prosthodontia Orthodontia Pedodontia Periodontia Oral & maxillofacial surgery Oral medicine & radiology Community dentistry Oral pathology Forensic dentistry ( odontology)

Gabriel
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Introd uction to dental materials

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  1. Introduction to dentalmaterials

  2. Different branches of DENTISTRY • Conservative dentistry • Prosthodontia • Orthodontia • Pedodontia • Periodontia • Oral & maxillofacial surgery • Oral medicine & radiology • Community dentistry • Oral pathology • Forensic dentistry ( odontology) • Aesthetic (cosmetic dentistry )

  3. Structure of tooth

  4. 1. Conservative dentistry

  5. 1.Conservative dentistry • Formerly known as operative dentistry • Deals with the diagnosis, treatment , & prevention of the diseases of the calcified parts of the teeth , pulp & periodontal regions & also conservation of the loss of teeth by trauma , abrasion & corrosion.

  6. Conservative dentistry • Two major divisions are • Conservative dentistry • Endodontics

  7. Conservative part – dealing with the restoration of the coronal aspects & aesthetic treatments

  8. Endodontics - dealing with the study & treatment of pulpal & periapical pathologies.

  9. Conservative dentistry • Materials used are - • Restorative cements • Metal & alloy casting fabrications • Metal ceramics • Endodontic materials • Composite resins • Silver amalgam

  10. Restorative cements

  11. Metal & alloy casting fabrications

  12. Composite resins

  13. Metal ceramics

  14. Silver amalgam

  15. 2. Prosthodontia • Deals with the restorations , maintenance of oral functions & aesthetics by replacements of the missing teeth & associated structures with artificial devices (or prosthesis ). • Prosthesis includes – complete dentures , removable dentures , fixed partial dentures , crowns , bridges , metal ceramics appliances , implants etc.

  16. Prosthodontia • Materials used are • Heat cure & chemically cured acrylic resins • High noble & base metal alloys • Titanium & its alloys • Metal ceramics • Auxiliary materials used in the laboratories

  17. Auxiliary materials are • Gypsum products (cast & die materials ) • Waxes • Impression materials • Investment materials

  18. GYPSUM PRODUCTS

  19. IMPRESSION MATERIALS IMPRESSION COMPOUND ALGINATE AGAR-AGAR ZOE Elastomers

  20. Dental waxes

  21. Laboratory technique & procedure • Denture fabrication • Castings • Metal ceramics • Implants

  22. 3. Orthodontia • This specialty deals with the diagnosis , prevention & interception & treatment of malocclusions of teeth & associated alterations in their surrounding structure.

  23. Materials used are • Wires – 18-8 stainless steel , Elgiloy , β –Ti, Ni-Ti, PGP , Metal alloy bands , fixtures

  24. Techniques • Fabrication of study models • Active & passive appliances • Brazing & welding

  25. 4. Pedodontia • This is the dentistry for children, dealing with all the dental problems of infants or childrens below age of 14 years. • Pedodontist train the children , to accept dental treatments, apply preventive measures against dental caries & periodontal diseases , restore & maintain deciduous , mixed & permanent dentitions . • Also take measures to prevent , intercept & correct various occlusal problems

  26. 5. Periodontia • Branches of dentistry deals with examination , diagnosis & treatments of diseases affecting periodontium. • Periodontium includes – all the tissues which helps to hold the teeth in the alveolar socket & support them during the function. • E.g – Gingiva , cementum of the teeth , peridontial ligament & alveolar socket .

  27. Periodontal tissues – Gingiva , cementum of the teeth , peridontial ligament & alveolar socket

  28. 6. Oral & maxillofacial surgery • Concerned with the diagnosis ,surgical & adjunctive treatments of diseases , injuries & defects of the jaws & associated structures , including dental extractions & related procedure .

  29. 7. Oral medicine& radiology • This specialty is concerned with the diagnosis & treatments of oral diseases & oral manifestations of systematic diseases & also medically compromised patients.

  30. 8. Communitydentistry • This branch of dentistry concerned with the dental care & oral health of the community as a whole& its aggregates rather than that of individual patients.

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  32. 9. Oral pathology • This branch of dentistry deals with the study of the characteristics , causes , & effects of various diseases of the oral cavity & its associated structures .

  33. 10. Forensic dentistry (odontology) • This specialized field is concerned with the correct management , examination , evaluation & presentation of dental evidences in criminal or civil legal procedures in the interest of justice • Forensic dentist assist , legal authorities , by preparing dental evidences to identify the person in case of death or murder , by recognizing the signs & symptoms of human abuse

  34. 11. Aesthetic (cosmetic dentistry ) • A new branch of specializations in dentistry , deals with the improvement of aesthetic. • In this field skills & techniques are used to improve the art & symmetry of the teeth structure & face to improve the appearance as well as the function of teeth , mouth & face

  35. THANK YOU

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