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BEHAVIORIAL BIOLOGY

Behavior. What is behavior?What an animal does and how it does itWhat is behavioral ecology?The genetic component of behavior that associates animals behavior with an increase in fitness.. Proximate vs. Ultimate Cause. What is proximate causation?The immediate cause and/or mechanism underlying a behavior.What is ultimate causation?The evolutionary reason for the existence of a behavior.Human sweet tooth -proximate cause = ?.

MikeCarlo
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BEHAVIORIAL BIOLOGY

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    1. BEHAVIORIAL BIOLOGY

    3. Proximate vs. Ultimate Cause What is proximate causation? The immediate cause and/or mechanism underlying a behavior. What is ultimate causation? The evolutionary reason for the existence of a behavior. Human sweet tooth - proximate cause = ?

    4. Proximate vs. Ultimate Cause What is proximate causation? The immediate cause and/or mechanism underlying a behavior. What is ultimate causation? The evolutionary for the existence of a behavior. Human sweet tooth - proximate cause = enjoyment of sweets makes us eat them. Ultimate cause = ?

    5. Proximate vs. Ultimate Cause What is proximate causation? The immediate cause and/or mechanism underlying a behavior. What is ultimate causation? The evolutionary for the existence of a behavior. Human sweet tooth - proximate cause = enjoyment of sweets makes us eat them. Ultimate cause = high energy in sweets is beneficial to survival

    6. Evidence of Genetic component to behavior:

    10. Innate behavior FAP = fixed action patterns, highly stereotyped innate behavior sign stimulus or releaser once behavior begins, cant be stopped

    11. Adaptive function of innate behavior Why do frogs starve to death if surrounded by hundreds of dead flies? Frogs sensory network is wired to respond to movement not fly pattern. Movement is a simple cue and does not rely on highly sophisticated nervous system.

    12. Songbird Repitoire

    13. Preference of males with larger repertoires

    14. Science as a process; cost/benefit analysis of foraging behavior

    15. Learning What is the difference between instinctive behavior and learned behavior? Learned behavior shows modification of behavior based on a specific experience. Different from maturation.

    16. 1. Habituation What is habituation? Loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little information e.g. teacher threatens detentions yet never actually assigns one, you stop responding to the threat of detention.

    17. 2. Imprinting What is imprinting? Konrad Lorenz showed this with his geese. Imprinting is limited to critical period and usually irreversible. Young imprint to know parents and parents imprint to know young. Song development in birds is an example of imprinting

    18. 3. Associative learning Animals learn to associate one stimulus with another. Classical conditioning - ?

    19. 3. Associative learning Animals learn to associate one stimulus with another. Classical conditioning - Pavlov and dogs. Learn to associate arbitrary stimulus with reward or punishment. Operant conditioning - ?

    20. 3. Associative learning Animals learn to associate one stimulus with another. Classical conditioning - Pavlov and dogs. Learn to associate arbitrary stimulus with reward or punishment. Operant conditioning - trial and error learning. Used to train animals

    21. 4. Play What is the ultimate cause of play? Exercise practice

    22. Animal cognition Problem solving skills .

    24. Orientation behavior What is the difference between kinesis and taxis? Kinesis =

    25. Orientation behavior What is the difference between kinesis and taxis? Kinesis = change in activity rate in response to stimulus. Animal moves slower in response to unfavorable stimulus. Taxis =

    26. Orientation behavior What is the difference between kinesis and taxis? Kinesis = change in activity rate in response to stimulus. Animal moves slower in response to unfavorable stimulus. Taxis = automatic oriented movement towards or away from stimulus.

    27. Migration Behavior Use three mechanisms to migrate successfully piloting orientation navigation

    28. Social behavior What is social behavior? Interaction between two or more animals sociobiology studies the evolutionary causes of social behavior.

    29. 1. Agonistic behavior What is agonistic behavior? Contest that involve threatening and submissive behavior to gain access to a resource (food or mate) What is the evolutionary importance of agonistic behavior? The victor may win the right to mate have successful reproductive fitness.

    30. 2. Territoriality What is a territory? An area that an individual defends excluding other members of its species. Territory can provide strongest with the best food source and space.

    31. 3. Dominance Hierarchy What is a dominance hierarchy? Agonistic behavior helps establish the strongest member as the alpha animal. Territoriality, agonistic behavior and dominance hierarchy all help to stabilize the reproductive fitness of the group.

    32. 4. Mating behavior Courtship Promiscuous vs. monogamous systems of mating monogamy is seen when there is more parental care for young by males. Polygamy is seem when there is less care for young by males.

    35. Communication Pheromones bee dance What is the ultimate cause of altruistic behavior? Kin selection

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