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Digital Design

CS 2204 Laboratory. Digital Design. Haldun Hadimioglu Computer and Information Science 3/30/2003. CS 2204. Title : Digital Logic and State Machine Design Credits : 4 Year : Sophomore Format : Lectures and Laboratory 3-hour lectures 3-hour laboratory sessions. CS 2204.

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Digital Design

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  1. CS 2204 Laboratory Digital Design Haldun Hadimioglu Computer and Information Science 3/30/2003

  2. CS 2204 • Title : Digital Logic and State Machine Design • Credits : 4 • Year : Sophomore • Format : Lectures and Laboratory • 3-hour lectures • 3-hour laboratory sessions Digital Design

  3. CS 2204 • Content : Digital circuit fundamentals • Theory, analysis, design • Digital clock • Car alarm • Traffic light controller • Vending machine controller • Four function calculator • Precursor to courses : • Computer Architecture : computer design (junior) • Advanced hardware design : chip design (senior) Digital Design

  4. CS 2204 Laboratory • Emphasis on design • 20 students per lab • 2-student teams formed first week • Teams do lab projects and homework • How to approach a large design • Problem analysis and solving Digital Design

  5. CS 2204 Laboratory • Introduces current digital design techniques and tools • Team-oriented, top-down, core-based design • Modern hardware development environment Digital Design

  6. CS 2204 Laboratory • Hardware development environment • Computer Aided Design (CAD) Software : Xilinx Foundation (industry software) • Simulates hardware • Testing hardware : Digilent board • FPGA Chip on Digilent board • FPGA : Field Programmable Gate Array • Emulates hardware Digital Design

  7. CS 2204 Laboratory • Why CAD Design ? • Circuit design and test before physical implementation • Shorter and cheaper development • Design objectives reached faster • Speed, cost, power consumption, size, weight, reliability,.. Digital Design

  8. CS 2204 Laboratory • Term Project Spring 2003 : • Game playing circuit • Human vs machine play against each other • Derived from dominoes • Chance and thinking determine winner • Pieces of circuit completed in 3 to 4 week experiments (deadlines) Digital Design

  9. Historical Trend • Mechanical components replaced by • Analogcomponents and • Digital components • Analogcomponents replaced by • Digital components Digital Design

  10. Digital Revolution • Computers (laptops to supercomputers) • Microprocessors (Sun Sparc to Intel Pentium 4) • Car engine controllers • Calculators • Video games • CD Players • Digital cameras Digital Design

  11. Benefits of Digital Circuits • Moore’s Law holds since the 1960s • Every two years, number of transistors on chips doubles • Every two years memory size doubles • Smaller size devices Digital Design

  12. Digital Chip A chip The die • Electronic components are placed in Die area in center of the chip • There can be • 50 million components • transistors on a microprocessor die Digital Design

  13. Is It Always A Chip ? • NO ! • Design on computers kept as • Circuit diagrams : traditional • Hardware Description Language (HDL) programs : since 1980s • Companies license their design as Intellectual Property (IP) • Circuit diagram/HDL program files • Used as core circuits Digital Design

  14. Digital Circuits 1 14 2 13 Notch 3 12 4 11 5 10 A 1 V cc B 1 B 4 6 9 Y 1 A 4 A 2 Y 4 7 8 B 2 B 3 7408 AND gate Chip Y 2 A 3 GND Y 3 • A digital circuit consists of Gates and Flip-Flops • on chips • All chips on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) Digital Design

  15. CS 2204 Digital Components k k k k NOT k.m AND k + m m OR m NOT gate (inverter) OR gate AND gate D J Q Q K C Q Q C D Flip-flop J-K Flip-flop • Gates • Flip-flops Digital Design

  16. A Digital Circuit engine Digital circuit alarm Seat belt • Car seat-belt alarm • Alarm sound if engine is running AND seat-belt is NOT fastened engine alarm AND Seat belt NOT OR Digital Design AND

  17. Another Digital Circuit a Digital circuit b y(a, b, c) c p a NOT q AND b OR y(a, b, c) AND c r if a is 0 => y =a if a is 1 => y = c Circuit Diagram (Traditional) Digital Design

  18. The Same circuit a Digital circuit b y(a, b, c) c if a is 0 => y =a if a is 1 => y = c • --MULTIPLEXER • --VHDL STRUCTURAL MODELING • entity multiplexer is • port (A, B, C : in BIT; • y : out BIT); • end multiplexer; • architecture structure of multiplexer is • signal p, q, r: BIT; • begin • p <= NOT a; • q <= p AND b; • r <= a AND c; • y <= p OR q; • end structure; VHDL Program ! Digital Design

  19. 1-bit Adder Design a ci b co s a s 1-bit Adder b co ci • A 1-bit Adder, Full Adder : 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 . . . 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 Digital Design

  20. The 1-bit Adder Circuit Diagram Digital Design

  21. Designing the 1-bit Adder --FULL ADDER --STRUCTURAL MODELING entity fulladder is port (A, B, CIN : in BIT; SUM, COUT : out BIT); end fulladder; architecture structure of fulladder is signal s1, s2, s3,s4,s5: BIT; begin s1 <= A xor B; SUM <= s1 xor CIN; s2 <= A and B; s3 <= B and CIN; s4 <= A and CIN; s5 <= s2 or s3; COUT <= s4 or s5; end structure; VHDL Program Digital Design

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