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Green energy and its resources. Brain - teaser. What is not produced and not destroyed, but is transformed from one form into another ?. ANSWER: ENERGY. Constantly renewable resources of energy . WHAT IS IT GREEN ENERGY?.
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Brain - teaser What is not produced and not destroyed, but is transformed from one form into another ?
WHAT IS IT GREEN ENERGY? Green energy is energy that is produced in a manner that has less of a negative impact to the environment than energy sources like fossil fuels, which are often produced with harmful side effects. „Greene“ types of energy are solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and hydro energy . The goal of green energy is generally to create power with as little pollution as possible produced as a by-product. Every form of energy collection will result in some pollution, but those that are green are known to cause less than those that are not.
The Sun provides plants, animals and humans with light and warmth. Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com
All live organisms need solar power for: Looking for food and living Sustaining of body's temperature Growing and moving
SOLAR ENERGY Solar thermal collectors harness the energy and heat water.
The solar energy in Lithuania is used for water heating in private houses and grain drying in agriculture.
Lithuania receives 1,000 kWh/m(total: 65 million kWh) of solar energy per year. But more than 80 percent of it is distributed during the 6 months of April throughSeptember. No large photoelectric power plants are operating in Lithuania today. There are some small private installations that use solar energy for their needs.
HYDRO ENERGY Flowing water, floods and rough sea creates energy that can be captured and turned intoelectricity.
Hydroelectric power plant uses a dam on a river to store water in a reservoir. Water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity.
Hydropower in Lithuania Eighty percent of the hydropower energycomesfrom two major rivers - Nemunas River and Neris River. The remaining 20 percent of hydropower resources comes from small hydropower plants. Large hydropower plants are more economically efficient, but their construction is more complex due to strict ecological and largeinvestment requirements. Small, fully automated hydropower plants installed on ponds are becoming economical. There are over 20 small hydropower plants in Lithuania. Their total capacity amounts to under 7,000 kW and electricity production is approximately 25 million kWh/year.
WIND ENERGY Energy production from wind energy sources in Lithuaniastarted from 2002, when the first wind turbine was installed in Skuodas.
The biggest wind power plant in Lithuania was installed in 2006 in Kiauleikiai village (near Palanga). It produces about64 000 000 kWh. The highest wind turbines were installed in 2006 near Benaičiai and žinialiai villages. Each of 6 wind turbines is 100 meters height carrying 50 meter blade.
Wind power plants produce only 4 percents of electricity used in Lithuania.Two large wind power parks operate in the coastal area of Lithuania, the rest areindividual wind turbines.
GEOTERMIC ENERGY Geothermal energy in Lithuania is produced from a water basin horizon at a depth of up to 100 meters in Klaipėda and in Vilnius.Geothermal electric energy may be produced from hot dry rock available only in Western Lithuania, at a depth of 2.5−4.5 kilometers. The temperature of the rock must be +100–145C°.
Geothermalenergyfor heatingin private houses can be produced by installingheat pumps. At a depth of 1−1.3 m,pipes are installed that collect energy. Eighty percent of the required heat energy of households could be produced in this way.
The first geothermal system has been implementedin Klaipėda (on the Baltic coast), for the centralized city heating supply. Four wells are operating.The temperature of the underground water is +39°C.
BIOENERGY Biomass energy - the energy from organic matter – was used for thousands of years, ever since people started burning wood to cook food or to keep warm.
Biomass is one of the most • promising types of renewable energy • sources in Lithuania. It consists of various plants and organic substances. Biomass is divided into: • Biofuel - biodiesel and bioethanol; • Biogas; • Energy crops; • Wood.
Five Lithuanian companies produce biodiesel used in summer and winter weather conditions. Bioethanol is produced in Lithuania by a single company, UAB “Biofuture”. Seven biogas power plants operate in Lithuania and recycle city sewer sludge, pig manure, and a variety of organic waste. The majority of them use biogas to produce electricity. The amount of electricity produced in UAB “Rokiškio sūris” is sufficient to satisfy their needs for electric energy. Energy crops are agricultural plants and short rotation coppiced shrubs (e.g., various types of willows) cultivated as a raw material for biofuel production. Rape seed is used in Lithuania for biodiesel production. Wheat is mostly used for bioethanol production. Fast-growing shrubs are used as raw material for the production of electricity and thermal energy. There are seven boiler units in Lithuania that use straw fuel. Forests cover 32 percent territory of Lithuania. The consumption of wood fuel and woodwaste fuel is around 3.7 million cubic meters. Most wood fuel is sawmill waste.
Lithuania is obligated till 2020 produce 23 percent of all consumed energy from renewable energy resources. Wind power and biomass energy production will be developed the most.
30 new green power – stations will be build 2011 in Lithuania.
