Types of Toenail Fungus_ What You Should Know

1. Types of Toenail Fungus: What You Should Know Toenail fungus is a common and often stubborn infection that affects the appearance and health of the nails. It can cause discoloration, thickening, and even nail separation. Understanding the different types of toenail fungus is important for proper diagnosis and choosing the most effective treatment. What is Toenail Fungus? Toenail fungus, or onychomycosis, is a fungal infection that develops in or under the nail. Fungi thrive in warm, moist environments—making toenails, especially those enclosed in shoes, particularly vulnerable. There are several distinct types of toenail fungus, each with its own symptoms and treatment approach. 1. Distal Subungual Onychomycosis This is the most common among all types of toenail fungus. It typically starts at the tip of the nail and spreads underneath. Symptoms include: ● Yellow or white discoloration at the tip ● Nail thickening ● Crumbling edges ● Nail lifting from the nail bed This type is caused mainly by dermatophytes and often affects the big toe. 2. White Superficial Onychomycosis

2. This form affects only the surface of the nail and is considered less aggressive than other types. Symptoms include: ● White spots or patches on the nail surface ● Powdery or soft texture ● No thickening or lifting in early stages This type may respond better to topical treatments, especially if caught early. 3. Proximal Subungual Onychomycosis Among the rarer types of toenail fungus, this begins at the base of the nail (near the cuticle) and moves upward. Symptoms include: ● White spots near the nail base ● Nail thickening and discoloration ● Possible pain or discomfort It’s more common in individuals with weakened immune systems and may indicate a more serious underlying issue. 4. Candida Onychomycosis This type is caused by yeast rather than dermatophytes and usually affects fingernails, but toenails can be involved too. Symptoms include: ● Nail thickening and discoloration ● Swollen or inflamed surrounding skin

3. ● Nail separation It often occurs in people with frequent exposure to water or those with compromised immune health. 5. Total Dystrophic Onychomycosis This is the most advanced and severe form of fungal nail infection. It often develops when earlier types go untreated. Symptoms include: ● Complete destruction of the nail ● Thick, deformed, and discolored nail plate ● Crumbling or falling off of the nail This type usually requires a combination of oral and topical treatments, and sometimes nail removal. Final Thoughts Understanding the different types of toenail fungus helps in identifying the condition early and choosing the best course of treatment. Whether it’s a mild surface infection or a severe, deep-rooted fungal issue, early action and proper care can make a significant difference in recovery.