Page Features

1. Page Features • Footnotes and endnotes • Headers and footers • Page numbering • Margins • Columns

2. Footnotes and endnotes • Footnotes and endnotes are attached to individual words. • Word automatically handles their insertion, numbering, re-numbering, and placement.

3. When to use footnotes • The purpose of footnotes is to give the reader additional information about a topic but without causing them to be sidetracked from the main point of the current text.

4. How to insert footnotes • Put your insertion point right at the end of the word you want to footnote, then do Insert => Footnote… to bring up the following dialog box:

6. In this window you choose whether you want • a footnote, which will appear at the bottom of the page, or • an endnote, which will appear at the end of the section or document.

7. Headers and footers • Headers and footers are repeated texts that appear at the top and the bottom of every page of a document.

8. They include text or graphics, for example, • page numbers, • the date, • a company logo, • the document's title or file name, • the author's name, and so on.

9. You can use the same header and footer throughout a document or change the header and footer for parts of the document. • For example, use a unique header or footer on the first page, or leave the header or footer off the first page (a standard practice).

10. You can also use different headers and footers on odd and even pages or for different parts of a document.

11. To create a header or footer: • 1 On the View menu (and not the Insert menu, as with footnotes), click Header and Footer. • 2 To create a header, enter text or graphics in the header area. • Or click a button on the Header and Footer toolbar.

12. To insert: Page numbers The current date The current time Common header or footer items, such as running total page numbers (e.g. Page 1 of 10), the file name, or the author's name. Click: Page numbers icon Date icon Time icon Insert Auto Text, point to Header, and then click the item you want. The buttons are:

13. 3 To create a footer, click Switch Between Header and Footer to move to the footer area. Then repeat step 2. • 4 When you finish, click Close.

14. Tip • The text or graphic you enter in a header or footer is automatically left aligned. • You may want to center the item instead or include multiple items (for example, a left-aligned date and a right-aligned page number). • Note that three tabs are already given to you. To center an item, press TAB; to right align an item, press TAB twice.

15. First page different • Normally the headers and footers on the first page of a document are suppressed.

16. To suppress the headers and footers on the first page • The simplest way is to: • 1 If your document is divided into sections, click in a section or select multiple sections you want to change.

17. 2 On the View menu, click Header and Footer. • 3 On the Header and Footer toolbar, click Page Setup. • 4 Click the Layout tab. • 5 Select the Different first page check box, and then click OK.

19. Different headers and footers on alternating pages • Often, as in most of your textbooks, the headers and footers on facing pages are different.

20. To place different headers and footers on alternating pages • 1 On the View menu, click Header and Footer. • 2 On the Header and Footer toolbar, click Page Setup . • 3 Click the Layout tab. • 4 Select the Different odd and even check box, and then click OK.

21. If necessary, move to the Even Page Header area or Even Page Footer box. • 6 Create the header or footer for each even-numbered page. • 7 To move to the header or footer for each odd-numbered page, click Show Next on the Header and Footer toolbar. • Then create the header or footer you want.

22. Page numbering • In a single document you can have more than one page numbering scheme. • For example, your Introduction could use small Roman numerals while the rest of your document uses Arabic numerals. • To do this, your document has to be divided into two sections, the Introduction and the rest.

23. Then, to control how page numbers appear, put your insertion point into the section whose page numbering you want to set, then go the Insert => Page Numbers… dialog box. • If no section breaks have been inserted, the whole document is considered to be one section.

25. In this dialog box you can specify whether page numbers are to be: • at the top of the page or at the bottom (specifically in the header or the footer) • positioned left, center, or right on the page

26. Margins • Margins refer to the space between the edges of your printed paper and the text.

28. How do you set your margins? • One way is through the File => Page Setup… dialog box:

30. If you plan on binding/stapling a document along its left edge, use a gutter margin to add extra space to the inside margin. • If you want to print a document on both sides of the paper, you can set the margins on facing pages so that they mirror each other.

31. You can also set your margins in Print Preview:

32. When you put your cursor over the indent icons on the ruler in Print Preview, the cursor turns into a double-headed arrow. Hold your left mouse button down and drag the indent icon left or right in order to change the margin width.

33. Columns • Here we mean newspaper style columns. • Text in newspaper columns (versus table columns) flows from the bottom of one column to the top of the next.

35. To specify the number of columns • The portion of the document that will be turned into column format is either: • a portion that has been selected, if any; or • the entire section where the insertion point is. • To set the number of columns, either: • click the columns button on the standard toolbar; or • do Format => Columns… and fill in the resulting dialog box.

36. If you use Format => Columns you can also set • Whether there are vertical lines between columns • The width of the columns • The spacing between columns • These last two can also be set using the ruler, in Page Layout view.

37. To adjust column width and space between columns