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Building the Propagation Environment

Building the Propagation Environment. LAT 109. What does the propagation environment have to do?. Depends… on what you’re propagating and where you are. Hardwood cuttings Softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings Seed propagation.

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Building the Propagation Environment

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  1. Building the Propagation Environment LAT 109

  2. What does the propagation environmenthave to do? • Depends… on what you’re propagating and where you are. • Hardwood cuttings • Softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings • Seed propagation

  3. For semi-hardwood and seed prop • Provide a low-water loss environment • High humidity • Provide protection from the elements • Cover • Provide light (but not too much) • Open, but shade if necessary • Provide a temperature conducive to rooting (germination) • 70 to 75° F

  4. Key features • Structure • Cover • Raised bench • Drainage • Intermittent mist • Bottom heat • Light/shade system

  5. Structure • Glass house • Hoop house • Cold frame • Outdoor beds • Other?

  6. Cover • Clear 6 mil poly is commonly used • Polycarbonate • Glass

  7. Raised benches • Provide better drainage and an ergonomic workspace. • Sanitation is easier.

  8. Drainage • Ground cloth • Gravel • Permeable pavers • Concrete (with drain tile) • Proper grade • Critical if propagating on the ground!

  9. Intermittent mist • Water source • Piping • Nozzles • Mist timer • Day timer • Turn on in the morning, turn off at night • Every 8 minutes for 8 seconds is typical

  10. Bottom heat • Electric • Cables • Mats • Thermostat • Water • Goal is ~70°F

  11. Light/shade system • Shade cloth • Summer • Reduce UV • Reduce temperature • Sold by % shade • Automated systems • Supplemental light • Induce flush of growth • Tricks the plant into thinking long days (short nights)

  12. Light interruption to induce growth Winter = short days and long nights = minimal growth Summer = long days and short nights = growth Light interruption = short nights = growth

  13. Avoiding diseases • Major pathogens • Soil born pathogens • Root rots – “damping off” or “foot rot” • Water molds • Pythium (wet & cool) and Phytophthora (wet & cool) • True fungi • Rhizoctonia (wet & warm) and Fusarium (variable)

  14. Strategies • Cultural • Disease free plants • Clean tools • Clean facilities • Clean containers • 10% bleach • Sterile media • Work in a separate area from mist bench • Environmental conditions • Monitor daily • Chemical • Fungicide • Soak cuttings prior to sticking • Drench beds after sticking • http://ipm.illinois.edu/diseases/rpds/615.pdf

  15. Conifer cutting propagation

  16. Easy-ish to propagate conifers • Cupressus • Chamaecyparis • Thuja • Juniperus • Thujopsis • x Cupressocyparisleylandii • Taxus • Cryptomeria • Tsuga • Calocedrus

  17. Types of conifer cuttings

  18. Our protocol today • 4 to 8 inches long terminal (tip) cuttings with some wood are most often used. However, you can try heel and mallet cuttings as well. • Remove foliage from lower half • Trim foliage (tops) if necessary • Basal wounding can help • Using Wood’s rooting hormone (1.03% IBA), we’ll want to mix up 10 oz of 3000 ppm IBA to be divided among the benches for our 5 second quick dip. How much Wood’s do we add to how much water to get 10 oz of a 3000 ppm IBA solution? • Insert ~ 2 inches into propagation media • e.g. Cupressus, Chamaecyparis, Thuja, Juniperus, Thujopsis, ×Cupressocyparisleylandii, Taxus, Cryptomeria, Tsuga, Calocedrus • Today we’ll use the 6-cell packs for our conifer cuttings. Each student is to stick a minimum of 12 cuttings (2 packs per person) • Remember: 10% bleach to sterilize pots, 1:2 peat:perlite media, LABELS, all cuttings go on the mist bench in the West greenhouse.

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