1. Fernando Pessoa 1888-1935

2. Pessoa = “person” • Born Lisbon, lived in Durban, South Africa (stepfather was Portuguese consul) • produced fake newspapers written by different “reporters,” included poems and criticism and fake news • Early fascination with British Romantic Poets + Edgar Allen Poe – created English-speaking “romantic” “Alexander Search”

3. Returned to Lisbon in 1905 and “hardly ever left” for rest of his life • 1910 First Portuguese Republic declared after seven centuries of rule by monarch

5. Heteronym “various characters… symptomatic of modernist literary technique in general; they have something in common with Yeats’s ‘masks’ and Pound’s ‘personae,’ and are a logical outgrowth of modernism’s attempt to make poetry seem impersonal or purely dramatic.” --- An Introduction to Fernando Pessoa

6. “You’re never truly yourself until you wear a mask.” --- Oscar Wilde

7. “The good Portuguese is various persons… Never do I feel so Portuguese as when I feel that I am different from me – Alberto Caeiro, Ricardo Reis, Álvaro de Campos, Fernando Pessoa, and as many more as have been or will be.” -- Fernando Pessoa

8. David Bowie – Ziggy Stardust

9. Marilyn Manson (“Marilyn Monroe” + “Charlie Manson”)

10. Eminem – plays with “persona” of white rapper – albums The Eminem Show / The Marshall MathersLP / The Slim Shady LP

11. Alias

12. Everyday Roles • Student

13. Everyday Roles • Student • Husband/wife/daughter/son

14. Everyday Roles • Student • Husband/wife/daughter/son • Friend

15. Everyday Roles • Student • Husband/wife/daughter/son • Friend • Teammate

16. Everyday Roles • Student • Husband/wife/daughter/son • Friend • Teammate • Employee

17. Everyday Roles • Student • Husband/wife/daughter/son • Friend • Teammate • Employee • Customer

18. “For temperamental reasons that I do not propose to analyze, nor is it important that I analyze, I constructed within me various characters distinct among themselves and from me – characters to whom I attributed various poems that, in terms of feelings and ideas, are not like those that I would write.” -- Fernando Pessoa

19. Pessoa’s people • Alberto Caeiro – pagan “master”

20. Pessoa’s people • Alberto Caeiro – pagan “master” • Álvaro de Campos – “Whitmanesque futurist”

21. Pessoa’s people • Alberto Caeiro – pagan “master” • Álvaro de Campos – “Whitmanesque futurist” • Ricardo Reis – “Neo-classicist”

22. Additional “heteronyms” • Bernando Soares – prose writer, Book of Disquietude

23. Additional “heteronyms” • Bernando Soares – prose writer, Book of Disquietude • Fernando Pessoa -- “orthonym” – “impure and artless” short, lyric poems

24. “I put in Caiero all my power of dramatic depersonalization, I put in Ricardo Reis all my mental discipline, dressed in the music that is appropriate to him, I put in Álvaro de Campos all the emotion that I give neither to myself nor to life.” -- Fernando Pessoa

25. Autopsychography Portuguese: psicografia – refers to “the occult practice of writing through the suggestion or action of a spirit medium”

26. “Self-directed” Chevy Tahoe Ads

27. “Self-directed” Chevy Tahoe Ads

28. “Self-directed” Chevy Tahoe Ads