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This tutorial focuses on the TheoryML framework, designed to convert unstructured scientific theories into structured XML format. It covers essential XML elements and attributes, along with document type definitions and cardinality rules. The guide also highlights the TheoryML schema, including the representation of constructs and relationships in theory applications. As a valuable resource for researchers, this tutorial aims to facilitate the understanding of TheoryML translation processes and improve the usability of XML in capturing scientific knowledge more effectively.
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Th e o r yML TML Tutorial Marc N. Haines mhaines@uga.edu www.theoryml.org Terry College of Business, The University of Georgia Athens, GA (USA)
XML Community Theory • XML • Tags (Elements) • must close ( <A>some text</A>) • case sensitive ( <A> <a> ) • Style Sheet • presentation is separate! • XmlStyleLanguage • tml_standard.xsl Resources Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • Document Type Definition • Basic Structure • <!ELEMENT e_name (e_type)> • <!ATTLIST e_name a_name a_type> • Optional/Mandatory Elements • <!ELEMENT e1 (m1, o1?, m2)> • Cardinality • <!ELEMENT e2 (m1+, o*, (a1 | a2)*)> Resources Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • TheoryML • Based on XML • Capture Scientific Theory • Take theory represented in an unstructured format (article) and translate it into TheoryML • Test & Extend TheoryML • Identify weaknesses of the current TheoryML and propose improvements Resources Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • Basic Elements • Constructs • Relationships • Boundary Assumptions Intention Behavior Resources Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • Basic Elements Theory Application of a Theory Constructs Hypotheses Relationships Instrument Results Resources Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • Basic Elements Theory Application of a Theory Constructs Hypotheses Relationships Instrument Results Resources Marc Haines
XML Intention Behavior Translation Theory • Example: Theory of Planned Behavior (as described in Chang, M. K. (1998). Predicting Unethical Behavior: A Comparison of the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Business Ethics (17), 1825-1834.) Behavioral Beliefs and Outcome Evaluation Attitude Normative Beliefs and Motivation to Comply Subjective Norm Control Beliefs and Perceived Facilitation Perceived Control Resources Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • Resources • www.theoryml.org • XML Notepad • TheoryML templates • tml_template.xml • example and style sheet • TheoryML Document Type Definition • TheoryML Schema Resources Marc Haines
XML Theory • How to translate your article into TheoryML • It’s not that easy • Unstructured into structured • Multiple representations • No uniform graphical representation • Complex relationships Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Theory • Document Information • Element • tmlhead(id, label, description?, author+, contact, pubdate) • IDs • Theory: Tmnh000001 • Constructs: Cmnh000001 • Relationships: Rmnh000001 Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Theory • Theory • Element • theory (theohead, references?, construct, construct+, rel+) • Theory Header • Element • theohead (id, label, abbrev?, description?, key*) Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Theory • Constructs • Graphic • Boxes or Ovals • Element • construct (id, label, description?, references?) • Attributes • constype (ignore for now) Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Theory • Relationships • Graphic • Arrows • Element • construct (id, label, description?, references?, consfromlist, consto, mathformula?, rationale) • Attributes • reltype (causal, non-directional) Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Theory • Relationships • Graphic Representation A A C C + B B Two Relationships or one aggregated Relationship? Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Intention Behavior Theory • Relationships • Graphic Representation Behavioral Beliefs and Outcome Evaluation Attitude Normative Beliefs and Motivation to Comply Subjective Norm + + Control Beliefs and Perceived Facilitation Perceived Control Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Theory • Relationships • Moderators and Weights A (i.e. Fishbein) C A * W C B B Weight Moderator Resources Translation Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • Notes • XML Notepad • All UPPER CASE! • All elements must be upper case to work with style sheet! • single line input • Browser • Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.x • Use tml_view.html to view your TheoryML doc. • You need to tell it to use your xml document! Resources Marc Haines
XML Translation Theory • Notes • Feedback • TheoryML (modifications, extension, …) • TheoryML Creation Process (FAQ) • Ideas! • Questions? Resources Marc Haines