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Global Warming. 10G Seung Hyun. Table of Contents. What is the cause of the global warming What are some of the examples that show about the damage of the air pollution The treaties that are trying to stop the global warming. What is global warming?.
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Global Warming 10G Seung Hyun
Table of Contents • What is the cause of the global warming • What are some of the examples that show about the damage of the air pollution • The treaties that are trying to stop the global warming
What is global warming? • Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4°F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980.Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. These findings are recognized by the national science academies of all major industrialized nations. Climate model projections were summarized in the 2007 Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). They indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 1.1 to 2.9 °C (2 to 5.2 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario and 2.4 to 6.4 °C (4.3to 11.5°F) for their highest. The ranges of these estimates arise from the use of models with differing sensitivity to greenhouse gas concentrations.
The cause of the global warming • Global warming’s reasons are classified into 2 groups: Humans and Nature.
The reason caused by the Humans Firstly, humans emit surprisingly few greenhouse gasses compared to the rest of the Earth. • Secondly, there is not much evidence that CO2 is the cause of global warming. • Lastly, global warming is happening on other planets, so the Sun as a cause is a very serious contender
Humans are a major contributor to global warming, many of our actions from producing raw materials such as steel and electricity, manufacturing road vehicles, ships and aircraft, refrigerators, televisions to transport goods and people around the world, encouraging cows to produce milk and even incinerating our waste, all have a detrimental effect on our world. The burning of fossil fuels alone accounts for over 30 billion tons of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere each year.
Effects of the global warming-Humans • (1)Weather patterns -More powerful and Dangerous Hurricanes -Warmer water in the oceans pumps more energy into tropical storms, making them stronger and potentially more destructive. Even with storms of the same intensity, future hurricanes will cause more damage as higher sea levels exacerbate storm surges, flooding, and erosion.
Hot, dry weather led to a record-setting 2006 wildland fire season with close to 100,000 fires reported and nearly 10 million acres burned, 125 percent above the decade's average. • The number of category 4 and 5 storms has greatly increased over the past 35 years, along with ocean temperature. • Hurricane Katrina of August 2005 was the costliest and one of the deadliest hurricanes in U.S. history and caused economic losses in the order of $125 billion.
Drought and Wildfire • Warmer temperatures could increase the probability of drought. Greater evaporation, particularly during summer and fall, could exacerbate drought conditions and increase the risk of wildfires.
The 1999-2002 national drought was one of the three most extensive droughts in the last 40 years. • Warming may have lead to the increased drought frequency that the West has experienced over the last 30 years. • The 2006 wildland fire season set new records in both the number of reported fires as well as acres burned. Close to 100,000 fires were reported and nearly 10 million acres burned, 125 percent above the 10-year average. • Firefighting expenditures have consistently totaled upwards of $1 billion per year.
Rainstorms • Warmer temperatures increase the energy of the climatic system and can lead to heavier rainfall in some areas. Scientists project that climate change will increase the frequency of heavy rainstorms, putting many communities at risk for devastation from floods..
National annual precipitation has increased between 5 and 10 percent since the early 20th century, largely the result of heavy downpours. • The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports that intense rain events have increased in frequency during the last 50 years and human-induced global warming most likely contributed to the trend. • According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Northeast region had its wettest summer on record in 2006, exceeding the previous record by more than 1 inch.
Deadly Heat Waves • More frequent and severe heat waves will result in a greater number of heat-related deaths
In 2003, extreme heat waves claimed as many as 70,000 lives in Europe. In France alone, nearly 15,000 people died during two weeks of soaring temperatures, which reached as high as 104 degrees Fahrenheit. • Much of North America experienced a severe heat wave in July 2006, which contributed to the deaths of over 140 people, including some who owned working air conditioners. • In the 1995 Chicago heat wave, 739 heat-related deaths occurred in a one-week period.
Bad Air, Allergy and Asthma • Global warming could increase smog pollution in some areas and intensify pollen allergies and asthma. Hotter conditions could also aggravate local air quality problems, already afflicting more than 100 million Americans.
Scientific studies show that a higher level of carbon dioxide spurs an increase in the growth of weeds such as ragweed, whose pollen triggers allergies and exacerbates asthma. • The number of pollen allergy and asthma sufferers has increased worldwide over the last several decades. Some researchers have suggested that this could be an early health effect of human-caused climate change. • Air pollution makes allergies worse: Diesel exhaust particles can interact with pollen and deliver it deeper into the lung. • Rising temperatures increase ground-level ozone smog production, which presents a serious threat to asthmatics.
Volcanic eruptions • volcanoes emit CO2 when they erupt; volcanic CO2 emissions do not outweigh those produced by humans.
Solar cycles and cosmic rays: • A recent study released by a group of European scientists concluded that “The chance of the natural cosmic-ray or solar irradiance explanation being responsible for more than 14% of the observed warming is quite negligible.”
Watervapor • water vapor’s the most prevalent greenhouse gas, and therefore is the main cause of global warming (not CO2). This is half true. Water vapor is the most prevalent gas; however, it’s produced as feedback of increased CO2 emissions, and is not a “forcing” of global warming.
A recent study of nearly 2,000 species of plants and animals discovered movement toward the poles at an average rate of 3.8 miles per decade. Similarly, the study found species in alpine areas to be moving vertically at a rate of 20 feet per decade in the second half of the 20th century. • The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report found that approximately 20 to 30 percent of plant and animal species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if global average temperature increases by more than 2.7 to 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit. • Some polar bears are drowning because they have to swim longer distances to reach ice floes. The U. S. Geological Survey has predicted that two-thirds of the world's polar bear sub-populations will be extinct by mid-century due to melting of the Arctic ice cap. • In Washington's Olympic Mountains, sub-alpine forest has invaded higher elevation alpine meadows. Bermuda's mangrove forests are disappearing. • In areas of California, shoreline sea life is shifting northward, probably in response to warmer ocean and air temperatures. • Over the past 25 years, some Antarctic penguin populations have shrunk by 33 percent due to declines in winter sea-ice habitat. • The ocean will continue to become more acidic due to carbon dioxide emissions. Because of this acidification, species with hard calcium carbonate shells are vulnerable, as are coral reefs, which are vital to ocean ecosystems. Scientists predict that a 3.6 degree Fahrenheit increase in temperature would wipe out 97 percent of the world's coral reefs.
The movie that I want to advise to viewers is called “INCONVENIENT TRUTH” made by Al Gore. Al gore is the person formal president of U.S.A. He writes several books related with global warming. In this movies, he talks about the cause of the global warming. Then he talks about the damage that global warming caused into our life. He also talks about the policy that was abolished because it didn’t make sense to be true. I’m sure everybody will understand movie if they watch this movie.
Conclusion • This slide was made for the personal project. I tried to search about the Global warming. In progress of searching global warming, I found out several things that surprised me. First, was about nature. When I was young, I only thought that people are the existence of the ones who are destroying environment and causing global warming. But it meant that nature is also causing global warming but it’s not much as humans did. Finding out the global environment was something very nice and also interesting to progress with.
When I was searching , I was mostly ashamed about how people are not concerning about the environment. Technology developing, there followed the aggravation of the global warming. But people weren’t concentrating on nature. Instead, they searched for their comfort. I think that if all people get concentrated to our nature, then I believe that global warming will stop more than we expect. I hope readers who read after this presentation changes about their mind and think about nature more often, feel responsible for their behavior and consider nature before they behave anything.
Let’s stop global warming! Before this kind of creature appears!!!!!
Bibliography • http://timeforchange.org/cause-and-effect-for-global-warming • earthobservatory.nasa.gov
