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& Sea Transport

Medium Speed Roro Passenger Catamarans - a market alternative. & Sea Transport. Ports Conference Aug 2002. Introduction. The world market of ropax ferries is divided into two segments:-

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& Sea Transport

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  1. Medium Speed Roro Passenger Catamarans - a market alternative & Sea Transport Ports Conference Aug 2002

  2. Introduction The world market of ropax ferries is divided into two segments:- the conventional monohull vessels, and the high speed vessels, predominantly aluminium multihulls. Is there another alternative?

  3. Revenue Capability of Transport Modes • What can they carry? • an Ant - 700% of own weight • a human - 100% of own weight • a 747 jumbo - 30% of own weight • HSC - 25-40% of own weight • Conventional ropax vessels -> 20-30% of own weight • Passenger Cruise Vessels - 1% of own weight

  4. Revenue Deadweight (payload) • Deadweight consists of • Fuel, Ballast, Fresh water, stores etc. (all non revenue items) +Trucks, cars, passengers, baggage (all under revenue or payload items) So the Rdwt is the portion of Deadweight that the vessel is paid or assigned to carry

  5. HSS 1500 40kts 1500dwtWorld’s largest high speed ropax vessel Rdwt is 40% of lightship

  6. Superfast 111World’s fastest conventional ropax vessel Note:- Rdwt 3060T is 22% of lightship 195mx6.4d, 4 x 10560kw serv spd 28kts

  7. Revenue of Ropax vessels • Trucks • Cars • Passengers • On board revenue • These should be brought to the base revenue units - passengers

  8. Revenue units (RU) This is the summary of:- • Trucks:pax ratio (say20) x truck no. • +Cars:pax ratio (say 6) x car no. • +On board pax rev (say0.5): pax rev • +Passenger number • RU = (Trucks x 20)+(carsx6)+(pax x 0.5)+pax

  9. Daily Revenue Unit Miles (DRUM) • The number of revenue units achievable per day • DRUM= RU x service speed x 24 hrs • To assess optimum vessel in capital cost, the DRUM should be divided by daily cap cost • RUP$c = DRUM Daily Cap Cost

  10. Notes:- the cheapest is always the best on Capital the landing craft fares the worst

  11. To assess the best in terms of Operating cost • Divide the RUM by the total operating cost (including capex) • RUP$o = RUM Oper Cost • Then tabulate all vessels considered in terms of RUP$c and RUP$o

  12. Notes:-the best vessel is 50% ahead of the 2nd hand vsl the landing craft is the worst in operational terms

  13. Plot the Rdwts and service speeds of current Ropax designs Lt s/structures No Ballast Steel S/structure S.W. Ballast

  14. STS MEDIUM SPEED ALTERNATIVES Aimed at the “target Void” Alloy / composite superstructures No Ballast Light weight steel hull Hullform for good seakeeping Higher Rdwts as % of lightship Higher RUP$c and RUP$o

  15. “M.V. Island Navigator” - 39m Roro/Pax Catamaran Rdwt 192 tonnes, Service speed 15 knots Note:-Rdwt is 96% of Lightship

  16. “M.V. Sealink” - 41m Roro/Pax Catamaran Rdwt 173 tonnes, service speed 15 knots 200 paxmax speed 18 knots Note:- Rdwt is 110% of lightship Bow ramp can work gradient ramps

  17. Bahamas Searoad 45m Ropax Catamaran Rdwt 82% of lightship

  18. Articulated Bowramp • For gradient boat ramps Show Video

  19. “Sea Spirit” 37m Ropax Cat, 16.5 knots 35 cars 200 passengers Rdwt 92% of lightship

  20. “Sea Spirit” showing truck lanes

  21. Magnetic Island - 35m Ropax Catamaran 35 cars 300 passengers 16 knots

  22. Vanuatu Searoad 40m ropax Catamaran 300 pax 20 cars 17 knots service speed

  23. 45m Ropax – Bahamas Searoad18 kts - Stern Loading

  24. 45m Ropax 45 cars (or 6 trucks +24 cars), 300 pax 18kts

  25. 50m Ropax Catamaran 60 cars (or 6 coaches + 44 cars)600 passengers 18 knots 1.7m draft 4 x 700kW

  26. Saipan – Tinian 40m Ropax Ferry 17 kts 350 pax 20 cars

  27. 60m Ropax Cat - Feeder

  28. 60m Ropax Cat 450 Rdwt 18kts

  29. 60m Military Landing CraftTank Carrier

  30. 45m Ropax – Bahamas Searoad500 passengers, 45 cars, 18 kts

  31. 45m Ropax Cat- Bahamas

  32. 45m Ropax Cat Stern View

  33. 63m Ropax Cat - Holland

  34. 63m Ropax Cat – Stern View

  35. 60m Ropax Cat Aft Lounge

  36. “M.V. Tropic Chieftain” - 54m Roro/Pax Catamaran Rdwt 350 tonnes, service speed - 15 knots Note - Rdwt is 84% of lightship

  37. 80m Roro/Pax Catamaran

  38. 125S Medium Speed CatSTS design 22knots with 3300 Rdwt 125 x 35 x 4.8draft, 5300m2 car decks 3673m2 main deck (truck axle) Note:- Rdwt is 96% of lightship

  39. 125S Midship Section

  40. 125S Port Engine Room -Vessel Centreline --

  41. Frequency - the key ferry issue

  42. Life span, Valuation & Threats • Many high speed vessels have a limited lifespan due to:- • Rapidly changing HSC rules and regulations • Rapidly changing efficiencies in design of both the vessels and high performance machinery • Extraordinarily high R & M • Imminent threat of fuel price hikes, raises a sensitivity to market pain threshold • This is causing investors and financiers to scrutinize fast ferries closer, whereas medium speed ferries have far less exposure to this aspect.

  43. Summary. • Not everyone wants to go fast, (sometimes two medium speed vessels and better frequency beats one fast vessel, commercially & operationally) • Going Fast incurs very high costs in R&M and fuel • Going fast restricts the operational range • There are some medium speed alternatives for future consideration.

  44. Sea Transport Solutions. Experience and Innovation at work • Designers of Ropax Catamarans • Contact • Phone +44 20 7681 1505 • Fax +44 870 131 3568 • www.catamaranferries.com

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