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Ch. 9 The Late Middle Ages (1300-1453)

Ch. 9 The Late Middle Ages (1300-1453). Key Idea: By the middle of the fifteenth century, Europe had recovered socially and economically from the effects of the Hundred Years War, the Black Death, and a divided Church. The Black Death. 1347 - 1351.

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Ch. 9 The Late Middle Ages (1300-1453)

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  1. Ch. 9 The Late Middle Ages (1300-1453) Key Idea: By the middle of the fifteenth century, Europe had recovered socially and economically from the effects of the Hundred Years War, the Black Death, and a divided Church.

  2. The Black Death 1347 - 1351

  3. Based on the map, how do you think the plague spread to Europe?

  4. First appeared in Europe in 1347 w/ numerous outbreaks across Europe • Believed to arrive in Italy from the Middle East • Caused by bacteria carried by fleas • Many Europeans were weak due to recent famines across Europe • The Great Famine of 1315—1317 • 1300—75 million population • Overproduction of agriculture leads to instability of land • Crop failures=famine and susceptibility to disease

  5. Wiped out 30 to 40% of Europe’s population • Raged for four years, subsided, then reoccurred over the next several centuries • Skilled laborers became valuable. WHY?

  6. 1347: Plague Reaches Constantinople!

  7. The Culprits

  8. The Symptoms Bulbous Septicemic Form:almost 100% mortality rate.

  9. p.336-338 Preconditions and Causes Effects of the Plague

  10. Response to the Plague Prevention (4) Treatment (2)

  11. From the Toggenburg Bible, 1411

  12. Lancing a Buboe

  13. Medieval Art & the Plague

  14. Medieval Art & the Plague Bring out your dead!

  15. Medieval Art & the Plague An obsession with death.

  16. Boccaccio in The Decameron The victims ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors.

  17. The Danse Macabre

  18. Response to the Plague • No one could explain it • Flagellants believed it was God’s wrath and whipped themselves in atonement • Many blamed Jews for poisoning wellsled to persecution (pograms) • Art reflected obsession with death • Many people looked to Catholic Church, but little solacelost of faith in the Church

  19. Attempts to Stop the Plague “Leeching” A Doctor’s Robe

  20. Attempts to Stop the Plague Flagellanti:Self-inflicted “penance” for our sins!

  21. Attempts to Stop the Plague Pogramsagainst the Jews “Golden Circle” obligatory badge “Jew” hat

  22. Death Triumphant !:A Major Artistic Theme

  23. A Little Macabre Ditty “A sickly season,” the merchant said,“The town I left was filled with dead,and everywhere these queer red fliescrawled upon the corpses’ eyes,eating them away.”“Fair make you sick,” the merchant said,“They crawled upon the wine and bread.Pale priests with oil and books,bulging eyes and crazy looks,dropping like the flies.”

  24. A Little Macabre Ditty (2) “I had to laugh,” the merchant said,“The doctors purged, and dosed, and bled;“And proved through solemn disputation“The cause lay in some constellation.“Then they began to die.”“First they sneezed,” the merchant said,“And then they turned the brightest red,Begged for water, then fell back.With bulging eyes and face turned black,they waited for the flies.”

  25. A Little Macabre Ditty (3) “I came away,” the merchant said,“You can’t do business with the dead.“So I’ve come here to ply my trade.“You’ll find this to be a fine brocade…” And then hesneezed……….!

  26. Boccaccio’s The Decameron Best known work describing the conditions of the plague in Florence, Italy Estimated that 3/5 of Florence’s population died Florence considered to be center of emerging Renaissance Famine occurred in 1340 and 1347Bleath Death reached Florence in 1348

  27. The Brotherhood of the Flagellants • Develop an hypothesis to account for the popularity of the flagellants, especially among the lower classes. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDajJoclA1A&edufilter=scO_Mq_iPeSU9rbqR5CtTQ&safe=active

  28. The Mortality Rate 40% 25,000,000 dead !!!

  29. EQ: The Black Death • What were the political, social, and economic effects of the Black Death on Europe? • Refer to p. 338-341

  30. Effects of Black Death • Fear of contagion weakened social bonds • Lost of respect for the Church and nobility who could not help the lower classes • economic consequences: • dramatic labor shortage, climbing wages for laborers & artisans • Drop in population led to decrease in demand for agricultural products and prices • falling agricultural, climbing luxury prices—noble landowners hardest hit • cities (artisans) benefit from demand for luxury goods

  31. What were thepolitical,economic,and social effectsof the Black Death??

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