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Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Elements, Compounds and Mixtures. Katina Peck. 3 categories of matter. Elements Compounds Mixtures. H 2 O. Pizza. Cu. Elements. Everything in the Universe is made from about 118 elements. Elements are the building blocks of matter. Cu.

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Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

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  1. Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Katina Peck

  2. 3 categories of matter • Elements • Compounds • Mixtures H2O Pizza Cu

  3. Elements Everything in the Universe is made from about 118 elements. • Elements are the building blocks of matter. Cu Each element is made up of the same type of atoms.

  4. Compounds • Compounds are made up of two or more different elements. • Compounds have different properties than the elements that make it up.

  5. H2O Compounds • Each compound is represented by a formula. • H2O= 2 Hydrogen & 1 Oxygen, 2:1 • CO2=1 Carbon & 2 Oxygen, 1:2 • NaCl= 1 Sodium & 1 Chlorine 1:1 • Chemically combined in a specific ratio.

  6. compounds • Formulas are made of the symbols and a subscript number. • The subscript is the number of atoms of that element. • A coefficient tells us how many molecules • there are. Subscript Coefficient

  7. Mixture • Most of the matter in the Universe is a compound or a mixture. • A mixture is made of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. • Substances in a mixture retain their properties.

  8. Mixture • Two types of mixtures: • Heterogeneous • Substances in the mixture are easily distinguished. • Pizza, trail mix, Italian salad dressing • Homogeneous • Two or more substances are uniformly mixed. • Salt water, the air we breath, soft drinks Heterogeneous Homogeneous

  9. Molecule • A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. • If the molecule is made of two atoms of the same element, it is called a diatomic atom. • Di- two • Atomic- atom • Two atoms • H2 • O2

  10. Comparison • A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. • A compound contains at least two different elements. • All compounds are elements, but not all elements are compounds.

  11. Solution • A homogeneous mixture. • Solute- the substance being dissolved. • Solvent- the substance that dissolves a solute. • Solubility- the amount of solute that will dissolve in a solvent. Solvent Solution Solute Solute

  12. Colloids • A heterogeneous mixture that never settles. • Example: Milk • Scatters light

  13. Suspension • A heterogeneous mixture that has particles that settle. • Example: Italian salad dressing

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