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Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures. Elements. Essential Questions. What are pure substances? What are the characteristics of elements? How can they be used to identify an element?. Elements. Are a pure substance Can NOT be broken into a simpler substance physically or chemically.

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Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

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  1. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures Elements

  2. Essential Questions • What are pure substances? • What are the characteristics of elements? • How can they be used to identify an element?

  3. Elements • Are a pure substance • Can NOT be broken into a simpler substance physically or chemically

  4. Pure substances • Have only one type of particle • Particles are called atoms • All atoms are EXACTLY the same

  5. Characteristic Properties • Characteristics do not depend on the amount of the element • Physical characteristics: • Boiling point • Melting point • Density,

  6. Characteristic Properties • Characteristics do not depend on the amount of the element • Chemical characteristics: • Reactivity with acid • Flammability

  7. Identifying Elements • Elements are unique. • Elements may share some properties with other elements, but not ALL properties.

  8. Identifying Elements • Three major categories of elements: • Metals • Non-metals • Metalloids

  9. Metals • Shiny • Conduct heat energy • Conduct electric current • Malleable • Ductile

  10. Nonmetals • Do not conduct heat energy • Do not conduct electric current • Solid nonmetals have a dull appearance. • Brittle • Unmalleable • Examples: Iodine, sulfur, neon

  11. Metalloids • Have properties of both metals and nonmetals • Are also called “semiconductors” • Some are shiny. • Some are dull. • Are somewhat malleable and ductile • Ex: Silicon, boron, antimony

  12. Metalloids

  13. Mini Quiz 1. A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties is a(n) A. Metal B. Element C. Metalloid D. Pure Substance

  14. Mini Quiz 4. Elements are classified in 3 major categories. Which of the following does not apply? A. Metal B. Non-metal C. Metalloid D. Compound

  15. Mini Quiz 2. A property of an element that does not depend on the amount of the element is called a(n) • a. electromagnetic property. • b. finite property. • c. unique property. • d. characteristic property.

  16. Mini Quiz 3. An element’s ability to react with acid is an example of a • a. pure substance. • b. physical property. • c. chemical property. • d. melting point.

  17. Reference Holt, Rinehart and Winston (2005) INSB 0-03-043217-0

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