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The Reformation: A Historic Movement Against the Catholic Church

The Reformation was a monumental reform movement that arose in the 16th century, challenging the practices and authority of the Roman Catholic Church. Key figures like Martin Luther, who famously nailed his 95 Theses to a church door, criticized issues such as corruption, indulgences, and the church's vast wealth. This movement birthed Protestantism, with influential leaders like John Calvin advocating for predestination. The Catholic Church responded with the Counter-Reformation, striving to regain influence and combat the spread of Protestantism through the Jesuits and the Council of Trent.

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The Reformation: A Historic Movement Against the Catholic Church

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  1. Chapter 12 The reformation

  2. 1. What was the Reformation • Reform movement against the Roman Catholic Church

  3. 2. What complaints did reformers have against the church? • Too political • Too rich • Sale of indulgences is wrong

  4. 3. What is an indulgence? • Forgiveness of sins by paying church money

  5. 4. Who nailed a list of complaints to the door of a church? • Martin Luther • 95 Theses • Protestants • Lutherans

  6. 5. What did Martin Luther believe? • Direct relationship with God • Beliefs based on the Bible

  7. 6. What did John Calvin believe? • Predestination- God planned everything in advance • Church members should elect church leaders

  8. 7. How did Henry VIII bring the Reformation to England • Declared himself head of new church • Anglican Church

  9. 8. What were the goals of the Counter-Reformation? • Strengthen Catholic Church • Stop spread of Protestantism

  10. 9. How did the Catholic church handle opposition in Spain? • The Spanish Inquisition punished Muslims, Jews, and Protestants

  11. 10. What were the Jesuits? • Religious order created to serve the Pope and the church

  12. 11. What did the Council of Trent do? • Reformed the Catholic Church • Banned selling of indulgences

  13. 12. What were the goals of Catholic missionaries? • Spread Catholic teachings • Convert foreigners

  14. 13. Which areas of Europe stayed Catholic after the Reformation? • Portugal • Spain • France • Ireland • Italy

  15. 14. What was the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre? • Catholic rioters killed 3,000 Protestants in Paris, France

  16. 15. Protestants and Catholics fighting in Europe led to what war? • Thirty Years’ War

  17. 16. How did Protestants practice self-government? • Governed their own church • Decided how town would be run

  18. 17. What is federalism? • Sharing of power between local governments and a strong central government

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