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Circulatory Disorders

Circulatory disorders such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure) can severely impact health. Hypertension is often caused by constricted blood vessels, excessive salt intake, or a heightened heart rate. Hypotension, on the other hand, can result from various factors including dehydration. Conditions like varicose veins, phlebitis, and pulmonary embolism further complicate the circulatory system. It's essential to recognize symptoms of heart attacks and angina, as well as treatments such as angioplasty and blood thinners to manage these issues effectively.

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Circulatory Disorders

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  1. Circulatory Disorders

  2. HYPERtension & HYPOtension • HYPER = HIGH blood pressure; caused by constricted blood vessels • HYPO = LOW blood pressure • Vessels D I A L A T E (open wider)

  3. How do these lead to Hypertension? • Overexcitement: Leads to (i) higher heart rate (increased blood flow) and (ii) constricted blood vessels = INCREASED blood pressure • Excess salt in diet: Also constricts blood vessels; extra H2O moving into blood = INCREASED blood volume

  4. Atherosclerosis • Accumulated fatty deposits in arteries

  5. THROMBUS: Stationary clot • EMBOLUS: Moving clot Pulmonary embolus

  6. What is a stroke? • Embolus that moves to a vessel in your brain & blocks it

  7. Heart attack vs angina • Heart Attack: portion of heart dies due to lack of oxygen • Angina: radiating pain caused by blockage of coronary artery

  8. Removing blood clots… • Dissolve clots by use of blood thinners

  9. Angioplasty • Invasive • Very thin wire inserted into blood vessels • Small balloon at end inflated to break up blockage

  10. Circulatory Disorders VARICOSE VEINS: • Visible, protruding veins below surface of skin • Cause by “leaky” valves in veins

  11. PHLEBITIS: • Inflammation of a vein (usually in legs) • Can sometimes lead to thrombosis (blood clot) that can travel to other areas of body PULMONARY EMBOLISM: • Blockage of main artery to lungs

  12. Heart Transplants • Results from congestive heart failure • Completely remove old organ & replace with new organ from donor • Use of medication to prevent heart rejection

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