Baroque (1600-1750)

1. Baroque(1600-1750) The Baroque Spirit

2. Baroque • The term Baroque is used to describe the art, sculpture, architecture and music of the seventeenth century. Baroque originates from the Portuguese word barocco, "a pearl of irregular form". • Extravagant ,bizarre

3. Baroque • Development of the Opera and J.S.Bach’s death marked beginning and the end of Baroque era

4. The spirit of the seventeenth century had a strong influence on the arts and music. Baroque art is considered elaborately decorative, dramatic, flamboyant, and emotional. Bright was to bright, dark was to dark

5. The intense desire to express an idea, a filling, or the artists’ deep convictions and emotions often led to excesses in all forms of art.

6. Like the Renaissance, the Baroque painters decorated the interior of palaces and chapels and created grand altarpieces.

7. Creative artist from this period:- Peter Paul Rubens, Rembrandt,

8. Rise of absolute monarchies and unification of national states play an important role in the creation of national styles.

9. Baroque spirit • The middle class was excluded from salon • The era saw the rise of middle- class culture, with music- making centered in the home, church, and at the universities (in a group called the collegiummusicum ) • Art portrayed bourgeois life.

10. Baroque Composers: • The two giants of baroque composition were J.S. Bach and George Friderick Handel. • Other Baroque composers were: • -Antonio Vivaldi • -Arcangelo Corelli • -Claudio Monteverdi.

11. -Early Baroque composers favored homophonic texture over the polyphonic texture typical of Renaissance Music. • -Baroque music features contrast between bodies of sound.

12. -The early baroque: was characterized by homophonic texture. • -Is considered to be one of the most revolutionary periods in music history. • -Composers favored homophonic texture • Claudio Monteverdi: (Early baroque composer) • -His music was passionate and dramatic.

13. Middle Baroque: A diffusion of the style into every corner of Europe • -Composers favored writing compositions for instruments of the string family. • By about 1680, major and minor scales were the tonal basis of most compositions.

14. Late Baroque: • -Instrumental music became as important as vocal music for the first time. • Musical Characteristics of the Baroque Period: • -Affections in baroque usage refers to emotional states or moods of music.

15. Late Baroque cont. • -A baroque musical composition usually expresses one basic mood within the same movement. • -The compelling drive and energy in baroque music are usually provided by repeated rhythmic patterns. • -Baroque melodies often are elaborated and ornamental. They give the impression of dynamic expansion.

16. -Terraced dynamics: The sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another. -Sudden alternations between loud and soft

17. -The most characteristic feature of baroque music is its use of basso continuo. • -Basso continuo: is a bass part together with numbers (figures) that specified chords to be played above

18. -The orchestra evolved during the baroque period into a performing group based on instruments of the violin family. • 12-40 players

19. The music director of a baroque court was usually responsible for : -Supervising and directing musical performances -Composing much of the music desired. -The discipline of the other musicians. -Church musicians in the baroque period earned lower pay and had less status than court musicians.

20. -The position of the composer during the baroque period was that of a high-class servant with few personal rights.

21. -In the baroque period, the ordinary citizens opportunities for hearing music usually came from the church. • -To get a job, a musician hat to pass a difficult examination.

22. Instrumental form: Concerto grosso, solo concerto, sonata, fuge Vocal Baroque form: Opera, Cantata, and Oratorio