1 / 18

Major Transitions in Human Civilization: From Agricultural Revolution to Classical Empires

This review covers significant shifts in human history from the Agricultural Revolution through the fall of classical civilizations. Key themes include the transition from hunter-gathering to agriculture, the rise of urbanization and river-valley civilizations, advancements in metallurgy, the formation and collapse of classical empires, and the spread of religions. It also examines the political, economic, social, and cultural impacts of these changes on human societies throughout different eras, highlighting interactions between humans and their environments.

ady
Télécharger la présentation

Major Transitions in Human Civilization: From Agricultural Revolution to Classical Empires

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Review SessionBy Genius Marsh 8000-600

  2. Foundations – 8000-600CE • Major Transitions: • Agricultural revolution: shift from hunting/gathering • Urbanization: rise of river-valley civilizations • Metallurgy: increasing use of metals technologies & impact • Fall of Bronze-age civilizations • Formation of classical empires • Collapse of classical civilizations

  3. Agricultural revolution: shift from hunting/gathering • Human/Environment interaction • Pastoralism • Early Neolithic settlements • Impact on population • Impact on women • Impact on environment • Causes

  4. Urbanization: rise of river-valley civilizations • “civilization” • Political form of state • Social structure • Trade • Mesopotamia vs. Egypt • Outside of river-valley civilizations • Mycenaens • Nomadic peoples • Hunter-gatherers • Small-scale agriculturalists

  5. Metallurgy: increasing use of metals technologies & impact • Neolithic technologies • Bronze • Iron

  6. Fall of Bronze-age civilizations • Cause: Iron? • As reflection of nomadic vs. sedentary conflict

  7. Formation of classical empires • Causes • Political developments • Social & Gender Structures • Arts, Sciences, & Technologies • Trading patterns

  8. Collapse of classical civilizations • Causes • Effects

  9. Religions & Philosophies • “isms” • Philosophies vs. Religions • As imperial ideologies • As counter-ideologies • Role in cementing hierarchies

  10. Migrations • Bantu • Huns • Germans • Polynesians

  11. 600-1450 • Major transitions • Development & expansion of Islam • Expanding zones of trade/expanding networks • Spread of religions • Mongol empire • Chinese renaissance • European middle ages & renaissance • Plague pandemics • Growth & role of cities

  12. Development & expansion of Islam • Impact on economy & trade • As a business law • Impact on culture • Sharia & the five pillars • gender • Political structures • The Caliphate – Sultanates • Mali • Arts, sciences, technologies

  13. Expanding zones of trade/expanding networks • Growth & expansion of major trade routes • Impact of Islam • Impact of technology • Camels • Dhows • Nature of trade • Indian Ocean basin • Trans-Saharan • Silk Road

  14. Spread of religions • Christianity • Schism: East vs. West • Buddhism • Trade routes • Order of diffusion • syncretism • Islam • By conquest • By trade

  15. Mongol empire • Political Impacts • China • Russia • Middle East • Economic impacts • Trade • Tax farming • Military impacts • Diffusion of military technologies • Social Impact • Spread of plague • China

  16. Chinese renaissance • Sui-Tang-Song • Commercial revolution • Maritime trade • Invention & innovation • Urbanization • Impact on East Asia • Zheng He • Compared to European Renaissance

  17. European middle ages & renaissance • Political, Economic, and Social form of Middle Ages • Restructuring: Rise of cities, national kingdoms, decline of church power • Impact of Crusades on trade • Rise of city-states • Impact of plague & commerce on serfdom • Reformation

  18. Growth & role of cities • Cities as centers of innovation • Rise of city-states • Urban vs. Rural • Influence of cities on politics • Roles of cities • As trade centers • As religious centers • As political capitals

More Related