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Chapter 5 Skin and the Integumentary System

Chapter 5 Skin and the Integumentary System. 6-2. Epidermis. lacks blood vessels. keratinized. thickest on palms and soles (0.8-1.4mm). melanocytes provide melanin. rests on basement membrane. stratified squamous. 6-4. Layers of Epidermis. stratum corneum (keratin)

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Chapter 5 Skin and the Integumentary System

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  1. Chapter 5Skin and the Integumentary System 6-2

  2. Epidermis • lacks blood vessels • keratinized • thickest on palms and soles (0.8-1.4mm) • melanocytes provide melanin • rests on basement membrane • stratified squamous 6-4

  3. Layers of Epidermis • stratum corneum (keratin) • stratum lucidum • stratum granulosum • stratum spinosum • stratum basale (melanocytes) 6-5

  4. Thick Skin Thin Skin

  5. Callus – area of rapid growth of the epidermis; caused by friction or pressure -- usually occur on the palms or soles of feet Corns – conical growth of keratinized cells on the toes

  6. Dermis • on average 1.0-2.0mm thick • dermal papillae • binds epidermis to underlying tissues • irregular dense connective tissue • muscle cells • nerve cell processes • blood vessels • hair follicles • glands 6-6

  7. Sebaceous Glands • usually associated with hair follicles • holocrine glands • secrete sebum • absent on palms and soles 6-10

  8. Sweat Glands • Sudoriferous Glands • widespread in skin • deeper dermis or hypodermis • eccrine glands • apocrine glands • ceruminous glands • mammary glands 6-11

  9. Hair Follicles • epidermal cells • tube-like depression • extends into dermis • hair root • hair shaft • hair papilla • dead epidermal cells • melanin • arrector pili muscle 6-8

  10. Nails • protective coverings • nail plate • nail bed • lunula 6-9

  11. Nerve Processes meissner’s corpuscle – touch receptors in tips of dermal papillae that sense light touch pacinian corpuscle – pressure receptors in the hypodermis

  12. Subcutaneous Layer • hypodermis • loose connective tissue • adipose tissue • major blood vessels

  13. Skin Color • Genetic Factors • varying amounts of melanin • varying size of melanin granules • albinos lack melanin • Physiological Factors • dilation of dermal blood vessels • constriction of dermal blood vessels • carotene • jaundice • Environmental Factors • sunlight • UV light from sunlamps • X rays 6-14

  14. Dark skin

  15. Skin Color Districution

  16. Effect of UV light on melanin production

  17. Albinism

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