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SOLAR FRUIT DRYING

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affrica
26 diapositives · 787 Views · Jul 17, 2014

SOLAR FRUIT DRYING. Value Adding. Aftabi Raisins. Grower price Aftabi $0.50 to $2.00/kg. Kishmish Raisins. Premium 25mm Shundukhani kishmish. Grower price = $2.00 to $5.00 / kg. Kishmish Khana Tradition. Large 30 meter long Kishmish Khana Estimate $12,000 cost to build

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SOLAR FRUIT DRYING
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  1. SOLAR FRUIT DRYING

  2. Value Adding

  3. Aftabi Raisins Grower price Aftabi $0.50to $2.00/kg

  4. Kishmish Raisins Premium 25mm Shundukhani kishmish Grower price = $2.00to $5.00 / kg

  5. Kishmish Khana Tradition Large 30 meter long Kishmish Khana • Estimate $12,000 cost to build • 13,500kg fresh Shundukhani yield3,300kg kishmish • 13,500 x $0.30/kg = $4,050 cost of grapes • 3,300 x $2.00/kg = $6,600 gross • 3,300 x $5.00/kg = $16,500 gross • Gross kishmish revenue - cost of grapes = added value • $6,600 - $4,050 = $2,550 added value • $16,500 - $4,050 = $12,450 added value • 30 days to dry grapes and traditionally one batch per season

  6. Improved Direct Solar Drying • More sanitary • Faster drying • More productive • “Direct” Solar • Maybe Kishmish if use p.metabisulfite? • “Batch” process

  7. Critical Kishmish Parameters What makes Kishmish raisins? • Shundukhani grapes • Shade • minimal Ultraviolet light • Lower temperatures • Probably no higher than 38 Celsius • Should experiment with potassium carbonate and potassium metabisulfite

  8. Raisin Production • Drying grapes • Heat • Air flow • Relative Humidity • Time • Drying can be faster, if: • Higher temperatures are maintained 24/7 • More airflow • Grapes are spread in thin layers • Some grape treatments are used

  9. Kishmish Khana / Kishmish Konex™? Is Kishmish Khana necessary ? Perhaps containers will be better?

  10. Break & Questions

  11. Technical Raisin Questions Kishmish Raisin Quality • If constant 38 Celsius temperature, will quality be same? • If raisins are dried faster with more airflow, will quality be same? • If grapes are pre-treated to speed drying, will quality be the same? • Potassium carbonate • Blanch hot water • Other

  12. Conventional Dryer with Gas Heat ‘McKenzie’ Dryer • 1860kg fresh grape • 465kg Kishmish • $930-$2325 per load Kishmish • Guessing 48 hr per load at 38 Celsius EstimateCost to run • Electric fan = $1.00/hr • Gas heat= $5.00/hr $6/hr x 48 hr = $288

  13. Indirect Solar Drying Containers • Inexpensive • Protects fruit from sun • Easy sanitation • Easy to modify to create indirect solar dryer 65 Celsius

  14. Solar Container Dryer Estimates Rough estimate: • 9,525kg fresh Shundukhani grapes = 2,116kg kishmish • With high airflow only perhaps dry in 8 days • With high airflow and solar collector with heat storage, perhaps dry in 4 days. • 2,100 kg Kishmish x $2/kg = $4,200 in 8 days?

  15. Experiment Proposed • Thin layer grapes • 80mm tray spacing • High speed fan airflow • container with solar collector or without

  16. Small Scale Experiment Proposed • Small test box could make from wood • Thin layer grapes on mesh trays • 80mm tray spacing • High speed fan airflow • Keep grapes in dark • ensure fresh ambient airflow • How many hours to dry grapes into Kishmish raisins?

  17. Break & Questions

  18. Solar Dryer - only ambient heat Insulated ducting

  19. What is a Solar Collector?

  20. Solar dryer -with collector only

  21. What is Heat Storage?

  22. Solar Collector and Heat Storage

  23. Solar Dryer Workflow

  24. Solar Container Dryer Estimates Rough estimate: • 9,525kg fresh Shundukhani grapes = 2,116kg kishmish • With high airflow only perhaps dry in 8 days • With high airflow and solar collector with heat storage, perhaps dry in 4 days. • 2,100 kg Kishmish x $2/kg = $4,200 in 8 days?

  25. Questions

  26. Summary • Anybody want to learn more? • Shall we build a small test dryer box? • Shall we build a pilot Kishmish Konex™?