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Understanding Scientific Inquiry: Methods, Variables, and Theories

This document serves as a comprehensive guide to scientific inquiry, detailing the essential processes and methodologies used by scientists to study the natural world. It covers the steps of scientific inquiry, including posing questions, developing hypotheses, conducting experiments with variables, collecting and interpreting data, and drawing conclusions. Additionally, it explains the importance of scientific models, laws, and theories. The content also includes interactive elements like bell ringers and exit quizzes aimed at enhancing student learning and engagement in science.

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Understanding Scientific Inquiry: Methods, Variables, and Theories

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  1. Bell Ringer 8-18-09 • Complete Conclusion Questions from yesterday’s lab.

  2. Bell Ringer 3-23-09 • Before time is up, list all the facts that you can remember from this class from last semester. (whoever gets the most, might get a prize) • 3 minutes…go!!

  3. Bell Ringer 8-18-09 • What are 3 ways scientists think? • What are the two types of observations? • Give an example of each type of observation. You can write them beside #2.

  4. Scientific Inquiry Chapter 1 Section 2

  5. Scientific Inquiry is the ongoing process of discovery in science.

  6. Scientific Inquiryrefers to the different ways scientists study the natural world.

  7. The Process of Inquiry • Posing questions (scientific) • Developing Hypotheses • Designing Experiments (variables) • Collecting and Interpreting Data • Drawing Conclusions • Communicating Ideas and Results

  8. Scientific Method… 7 Steps • Identify the problem • What do you want to know • Research • Collect information needed for questions • Ask questions or use the internet • Form a hypothesis • This is an educated guess to your problem • Experiment • Test your hypothesis • Manipulated (Independent) vs Responding (Dependent) Variable

  9. 5.Observe • What’s happening in the experiment • What do you see • Collect data • write down what’s happening in tables, charts, etc. • Draw a conclusion • The answer to your hypothesis • What you learned from the experiment Repeat....Repeat.…Repeat…Repeat some more

  10. After the seven steps are done you should communicate your results with other scientists.

  11. Experimenting • While experimenting there are some factors that are important. • You need to examine all variables. • Variables are factors that can change in an experiment.

  12. Types of Variables: • Independent (manipulating) the one you change • dependent (responding)  expected to change as a result of changing the independent variable

  13. How Science Develops • Scientific Models • Scientific Laws • Scientific Theories

  14. 1. Scientific Model- representation of an object or event used as a tool to understand the natural world

  15. 2. Scientific Law- a rule that describes a pattern in the natural world. • This is usually a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions. • Ex: Sky Diver- Based on The law of gravity the sky diver will eventually land back on earth

  16. 3. Scientific Theory- explanations that have been tested repeatedly and have the same results. • Future evidence may not support a theory due to the increase of technology so scientists may modify the theory or discard it. • Ex: Sun revolved around the earth  new evidence  earth revolves around sun

  17. Exit Quiz 8-18-09 • What unit measures length? • What do quantitative observations involve? • Give an example of a quantitative observation. • What are the two types of variables we discussed today? • Which variable is the one we change on purpose?

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