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Adaptation

Adaptation. Advanced Biology Winter 2013. Adaptation. Definition :. Adaptation. Definition : An evolutionary process in which an organism becomes better able to to live in its environment. Adaptation. Definition :

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Adaptation

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  1. Adaptation Advanced Biology Winter 2013

  2. Adaptation Definition:

  3. Adaptation Definition: An evolutionary process in which an organism becomes better able to to live in its environment.

  4. Adaptation Definition: An evolutionary process in which an organism becomes better able to to live in its environment. It takes time for it to be an adaptation!!!

  5. Rules of Adaptations To be an adaptation it must: 1. Be Heritable. PASSED ON TO THE OFFSPRING

  6. Rules of Adaptations To be an adaptation it must: 1. Be Heritable. 2. Be Functional. SERVE A PURPOSE

  7. Rules of Adaptations To be an adaptation it must: 1. Be Heritable. 2. Be Functional. 3. Increase fitness. HELP THE ORGANISM SURVIVE

  8. Types of Adaptations Two general types: 1. Behavioral 2. Structural

  9. Behavioral Adaptations Actions an animal takes to respond to life’s needs.

  10. Behavioral Adaptations • Mating rituals • Courtship Dances

  11. Behavioral Adaptations • Mating rituals • Courtship Dances • Vocalizations • Bird Calls • Whale songs

  12. Behavioral Adaptations • Mating rituals • Courtship Dances • Vocalizations • Bird Calls • Whale songs • Physiological Responses • Migration • Hibernation

  13. Physical Adaptations Physical features of an organism.

  14. Physical Adaptations Reasons for Physical Adaptations: • Reproduction

  15. Physical Adaptations Reasons for Physical Adaptations: • Reproduction • Resource Acquisition

  16. Physical Adaptations Reasons for Physical Adaptations: • Reproduction • Resource Acquisition • Predator Avoidance

  17. Reproductive Physical Adaptations Sexual Dimorphism

  18. Reproductive Physical Adaptations Asexual Reproduction

  19. Reproductive Physical Adaptations Parthenogenesis = reproduction without needing both sexes. Females can reproduce asexually if males are NOT present, or sexually if males are present.

  20. Reproductive Physical Adaptations Parthenogenesis – Whiptail Lizard – all female!

  21. Resource AcquisitionPhysical Adaptations Food Acquisition – Bird Beaks!

  22. Resource AcquisitionPhysical Adaptations Toothed vs. Baleen Whales

  23. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Predator Avoidance Ways in which animals trick or get rid of predators.

  24. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Mimicry = one species imitating another species

  25. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Mullerian Mimicry = Both potentially harmful species share a same coloration

  26. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Mullerian Mimicry Viceroy vs. Monarch Butterfly

  27. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Batesian Mimicry = harmless animal poses as a deadly animal

  28. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Batesian Mimicry Mimic Octopus

  29. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Camouflage = When an organism blends in with the environment

  30. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Chameleons

  31. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Moths

  32. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Flies

  33. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Camouflaging AND mimicry?

  34. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Venom = Toxic chemical secreted, injected, or projected to avoid predators or paralyze prey

  35. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Secreted: Poison Dart Frog Skin

  36. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Injected: Snake Venom

  37. Predator AvoidancePhysical Adaptations Cnidocytes Sea Anemones

  38. Adaptation An evolutionary process in which an organism becomes better able to to live in its environment. To be an adaptation it must: 1. Be Heritable. 2. Be Functional. 3. Increase fitness.

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