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Eu r o pean Explo r ation

Eu r o pean Explo r ation. & C o lonization P or t ugal , Spain, England , & F r an c e. The 3 G’s…. Why did Eu r o peans go exploring? GO L D N e w t r ade r o u tes o pe n ed u p o p p o r t u nities f o r w ealth. GOD Mission ari e s w a n ted to sp r ead Ch r isti a nit y . G L O R Y

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Eu r o pean Explo r ation

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  1. EuropeanExploration &Colonization Portugal,Spain,England,&France

  2. The3G’s… WhydidEuropeansgoexploring? GOLD Newtraderoutesopenedupopportunitiesforwealth. GOD MissionarieswantedtospreadChristianity. GLORY Explorerswereconsideredfamousheroes;countriescompetedforcolonies.

  3. TheCrusades • TheCrusadesweremilitaryexpeditionssentbytheCatholicChurchtocapturetheHolyLandfromtheMuslimTurks. • Theywerenotsuccessful,butdidhaveafewpositiveresults: • Europeanslearnedtodrawbettermapsand • buildbetterships. • ExposedEuropeanstospices&goodsfrom • theEast.

  4. TradeRoutes Inthe1400s,majortraderoutesfromtheEasttoEuropewentthrough2Italiancities(Venice&Genoa). • Italianmerchantsmarkedupthepricesonthe • goods&soldthemthroughoutEurope. • OtherEuropeancountriesresentedthehuge profitsmadebyItalians&begantolookforotherroutestotheEast…

  5. TradeRoutes • EuropeanscreatednewtraderoutestobringproductsfromEuropetoIndia,China,&theSpice Islands. • ThisgreatlycontributedtotheexpansionoftheempiresofPortugal,Spain,England,andFrance.

  6. Portugal’sEmpire • I n the15thcentury,PortugalledtheworldinseaexplorationandexploredthewesterncoastofAfrica. • ThePortuguesewantedtofindatraderoutearoundAfricatoAsiabecause: • TheybelievedtheycouldmakealotofmoneyastradersiftheycouldgetAsiangoodsforacheaperprice. • TheyalsowantedtospreadChristianityalongAfrica’swestcoast.

  7. PrinceHenrytheNavigator • HewasthesonofthePortugueseking. • Hesentmorethan50expeditionsdownthewestcoastofAfrica. • oHewantedtoestablishPortuguesecolonies& • breaktheMuslimholdontraderoutes. • Healsocreatedanavalobservatorythattaughtstudentsnavigation,astronomy,&cartography

  8. PrinceHenrytheNavigator

  9. InstituteofSagres

  10. PrinceHenrytheNavigator • Hewasunabletomakemuchmoneytradinggold,sohe triedcreatingsugarcaneplantations. • Sugarcanewasaveryprofitablecrop,butrequiredlotsoflabor. • PrinceHenryimportedslavesfromAfricatoworkthe • fields. • Thiswassuccessful&waslatercopiedintheNew • World. • Hisactionsencouragedaslavetradethatlastedanother400years…

  11. Portugal’sEmpire • Forthenext300years,PortuguesesailorscontinuedtoexploreAfricawheretheyestablishedforts&tradingposts. • oBy1571,astringofoutpostsconnectedPortugaltoAfrica,India,SouthPacificIslands,&Japan • Portugalgrewwealthyfromthesetraderoutes, • butitsmostprofitablecolonywasBrazil.

  12. Spain’sEmpire • SpanishexplorersweresearchingforatraderoutethroughoraroundNorth&SouthAmericatoAsia. • Theywantedtofindaquickerroutetothe • gold&spicesinAsia.

  13. ChristopherColumbus • Inthe1490s,Columbus,anItalian,wasgivenships& • sailorsbytheSpanish monarchy. • oTheywantedhimtotrytofindaquickroutethroughtheAtlanticOceantoAsia. • HediscoveredtheBahamas,butthoughthewasin • Asia. • oLater, itwasrealizedthathediscovered2newcontinents! • ExplorationoftheseareasbroughtgreatwealthtoSpain.

  14. ChristopherColumbus

  15. Spain’sEmpire • Spainhadahugeempirethatspannedtheglobe. • SpanishconquistadorsconqueredtheIncaand Azteccivilizations inthe1500s(SouthAmerica). oTheywerelookingforgold&spices. • oTheyusedmissionariestoconvertnativesto • Christianity. • SpainclaimedhugeareasofNorth&SouthAmerica • &ruledoverthemfor300years.

  16. England’sEmpire • Inthepast,Englandwasoneofthreecountries-- • England,Scotland,&Wales. • Inthe1700s,thethreeunitedandbecameGreatBritain. • TheBritishempirewasthelargestinhistory. • oAtitspeak,GreatBritaincontrolled:Canada,Australia,India,muchofAfrica,andnumerousislandsallovertheworld.

  17. England’sEmpire • NorthAmericacameunderBritishcontrolinthe • 1700s. • ItlosttheAmericancoloniesin 1776,butmaintainedcontroloverCanadauntilthe20thcentury. • GreatBritaincolonizedAustraliain1788. • Itwasusedasapenal(prison)colonytorelieveovercrowdedjailsinEngland.

  18. France’sEmpire • Francepossessedcoloniesaroundtheworld • from1600to1900. • ItalsodominatedmuchoftheEuropeancontinent. • oBy1812,FrancecontrolledmuchofGermany • andItaly.

  19. France’sEmpire • Franceestablishedothercoloniesinthe16th-17th • centuries: • --IslandsintheCaribbean,theIndianOcean,theSouthPacific,theNorthPacific,&theNorthAtlantic • FrancealsomaintainedinfluenceinCanada,SouthAmerica,SoutheastAsia,&NorthwestAfrica.

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