Epithelial,Connective,Muscle and Nervous Tissues

1. Epithelial,Connective,Muscle and Nervous Tissues Chapter 5 in your textbook

2. What are tissues? • First, what are the levels of organization? Atoms- Molecules- Cells- Tissues- Organs- Organ systems- Whole organism!!

3. So using the levels of organization, tissues are made up of what? • CORRECT….. CELLS!!! All tissues are, are a bunch of the same type of cells together!

4. 4 Different Types of Tissues • Does anybody know any of the four? • 1. Epithelial Tissue • 2. Connective Tissue • 3. Muscle Tissue • 4. Nervous Tissue

5. General Epithelial Tissues • They are found throughout the body: covering organs and forming inner linings of body cavities . • They are connected to Connective Tissues by the basement membrane. • They lack blood vessels. • IF they do not have blood vessels how do you think they receive nutrients?

6. General Epithelial Tissues • They divide rapidly. • They are tightly packed together. • They are classified according to their layers of cells.

7. General Epithelial Tissues • How do you think the characteristics we just listed relate to what epithelial tissues do? • They divide rapidly- how does that help the body? • Injuries can heal rapidly to these tissues, skin and stomach cells are continually damaged and replaced quickly.

8. General Epithelial Tissues • They are tightly • packed- how does • this help the cell? • They form protective barriers in places like the outer skin, and your mouth.

9. TYPES OF EPITHELIAL CELLS: Classified by layers • Simple:composed of a single layer of cells. • Stratified:those with two or more layers of cells. • Squamous:Flattened cells. • Cuboidal:Those with cubed shaped cells. • Columnar:Elongated cells.

11. Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look like:

12. Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look like:

13. Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look like:

14. Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look like:

15. Where can Epithelial tissues be found? Some are found lining the lungs and help exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. Some line the kidneys and glands in the body (ie; sweat gland)

16. Where can Epithelial tissues be found? • Others are found in the skin as a tough layer. • Still others are found in the respiratory organs, reproductive organs and bladder or uterus.

17. STOP: Tissue Practice1. Tissue worksheet practice QUITELY!!2. Epithelial tissue microscope lab and practice.

18. Different types: • Loose Connective Tissue • Adipose Tissue (fat tissue) • Dense Connective Tissue • Blood • Bone • Cartilage Connective Tissues

19. 1. Loose Connective Tissue • 2. Adipose Tissue (fat tissue) • 3. Dense Connective Tissue

20. General Characteristics of Connective Tissues • Binds structures (Connects structures: tendons and ligaments) • Provides support and protection • Gives nutrients to epithelial tissues

21. General Characteristics of Connective Tissues • Fill spaces (takes up space) • Stores fat • Produce blood cells • Protect against infections • Help repair tissue damage

22. General Functions of Connective Tissues • They divide easily. • Have a large blood supply and are well nourished. (this is where epithelial cells receive blood and nutrients).

23. General Functions of Connective Tissues • Connected to epithelial cells. • Some have a fixed number of cells and some are temporary and appear when needed in response to injury or infection.

24. Some examples of what Connective tissues look like:

25. Some examples of what Connective tissues look like:

26. Some examples of what Connective tissues look like:

27. Some examples of what Connective tissues look like:

28. Where can you find Connective Tissue? • Underneath epithelial cells • The space between cells and organs • Fat tissue can be anywhere- on the surface of organs, under skin, around the eyes and cushions joints. • Ligaments and tendons • Blood • Bone

29. STOP: Connective Tissues ActivitiesFlip chart of all tissues!WorksheetMicroscope lab of connective tissues

30. Muscle Tissues • Three types of muscle tissues: • 1. Skeletal Muscle tissue • 2. Smooth Muscle tissue • 3. Cardiac Muscle tissue • Characteristics: • They are contractile- the elongated cells can shorten and lengthen. • As the contract, muscle fibers pull at the attached end causing body parts to move.

31. Cardiac Muscle • What is Cardiac Muscle? • Where would you find it? • What is its function?

32. Cardiac Muscle • What is it? • Cells are striated and • joined end to end. • One nuclei • Where do you find it? • Only in the heart • What is it’s function? • Involuntary (works without you knowing or thinking) • Pumps blood through the heart chambers and into blood vessels.

33. Skeletal Muscle • What is Skeletal Muscle? • Where would you find it? • What is its function?

34. Skeletal Muscle • What is it? • Voluntary muscle (controlled by conscious effort) • Lots of nuclei in each cell • Where is it? • Found in muscles that attach bone.

35. Skeletal Muscle • What is its function? • Nerves stimulate the muscle fiber to contract and relax • This helps us move our head, trunk, and limbs. • Enable us to make facial expressions, write, talk, sing, chew, breath and so forth!

36. Smooth Muscle • What is Smooth Muscle? • Where would you find it? • What is its function?

37. Smooth Muscle • What is it? • No striations • Short and spindle shaped, with single central nucleus • Involuntary actions • Where is it? • The walls of organs (stomach, intestine, bladder, blood vessels)

38. Nervous tissue • What is Nervous tissue? • Where would you find it? • What is its function?

39. Nervous Tissue • What is it? • Made up of cells of neurons- which sense changes in their surroundings • Where is it? • The brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.

40. Nervous Tissue • What is the function? • Transmit nerve impulses to other neurons, muscles or glands. • They communicate with other cells and muscles and tell body functions what to do.