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South Africa (1650 -1880)

South Africa (1650 -1880). Geography. Mediterranean climate (like southern California) Physical features- Drakensburg Mountains Orange River Limpopo River Cape of Good Hope. Peoples. Khoisan – language group of the Bushmen & Hottentots

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South Africa (1650 -1880)

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  1. South Africa (1650 -1880)

  2. Geography • Mediterranean climate (like southern California) • Physical features- • Drakensburg Mountains • Orange River • Limpopo River • Cape of Good Hope

  3. Peoples • Khoisan – language group of the Bushmen & Hottentots • Bantu – language family that migration has spread all over African continent • Dutch – called Boers (farmers) in 17th – 19th centuries, are called Afrikaaners today (the white tribe of South Africa). Their language, Afrikaans, is a blend of Dutch, Arabic, Bantu, & Khoisan • English – took cape region in 1790s & kept control until 1900s • Asians – Indians & Pakistanis who came to work on the sugar plantations • Cape Coloured – mixed descent, usually Dutch & KhoiKhoi (Hottentots

  4. Dutch East India Company • Dutch made Cape of Good Hope a “refreshment” station in 1685 • 1778 – 1878 Dutch migrated north and fought eight wars with the Xosa Bantus (called the Kaffir Wars)

  5. Zulu Mfecane (time of trouble) • Increased European population created tension with Zulu tribe in South Africa • Shaka – ruled from 1818 – 1828 • 20,000 professional soldiers by 1820 who used assegai (swords), giant shields, & cowhorn formation (Macedonian technique) • 1870s – Zulu ruler Cetshwayo fought the Zulus Wars against the British. The Battle of Isandlwana (Jan. 2, 1879), was the most shocking defeat for the British in ANY of their colonial wars

  6. The Great Trek • 1815 – Great Britain officially took over S. Africa (Dutch Boers resented British rule) • Great Trek – Boers migrated north, fighting Zulus & other tribes as they went • 1899 – Boer War between British & Boers began. Considered the first modern war – Boers used commando tactics & guerrilla warfare while British burned farms & imprisoned women & children • 1902 – Boers surrender  Union of South Africa created

  7. terms • Apartheid – separation of the races – social policy dictated by the Afrikaaner led government until 1990s • Krugerrand – gold coin • Kaffir – “non-believer”- racist term in South Africa towards black Bantu speakers

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