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The Energy – Matter Spectrum

The Energy – Matter Spectrum. State and Local Level Considerations: Radiological Emergencies Col Damon T. Arnold, M.D., M.P.H. (Ret.) Director – Illinois Department of Public Health. The Nuclear Age When Will We Catch Up?. Historical Points RCA-EM / “Fossy” Jaw

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The Energy – Matter Spectrum

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  1. The Energy – Matter Spectrum State and Local Level Considerations: Radiological Emergencies Col Damon T. Arnold, M.D., M.P.H. (Ret.) Director – Illinois Department of Public Health

  2. The Nuclear AgeWhen Will We Catch Up? • Historical Points • RCA-EM / “Fossy” Jaw • Legislation

  3. IDPH Platform Model

  4. The Mouth and Chronic Disease

  5. Environmental Agent Penetration Energy-Matter Spectrum AGENT Occupational Engineering Controls [Elimination / Containment / Substitution] Administrative Controls [BEIACGIHTLV PELOSHA RELNIOSH] Personal Protective Equipment [PPE] Containment System / Perimeter / P.P.E. Penetration [Breach] Exposure to the Agent Biological Monitoring Surveillance Chemical Monitoring Radiological Monitoring 10 20 and 30 Prevention Injury, Illness and Disease [Acute and Chronic] Public Health Domain: Legislative [HB/SB] Legislative [HB/SB] Regulatory Statutes / Rules Regulatory Behavioral Choices Accidents Health System: LHDs Hospitals Clinics Private Practices

  6. Public Health S.M.A.R.T. D.O.C. (P.H. Fusion Center)Strategic Management And Resource Technology Department Operations Center General Environmental Conditions: [Causative Agent Spectrum]Probability (Risk of harm resulting in Illness, Injury, or Disease leading to Morbidity or Premature Mortality) B. Monitoring: [ Epidemiology/Surveillance ] Sensitivity/Specificity/Reproducibility • [e.g., HAN – CHESS – BIOWATCH – NWS - LAB PCR TECH – INEDDS – BIOSENSE - BIOSHIELD] Accuracy / Precision / Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis • Environmental / Incident Site Contamination C. Incident Site: [Potential Exposure]:Engineering and Administrative Controls (Limit Exposure) Barrier Breach [Skin/ Respiratory/ G.I.] / Prophylaxis / DECON >>> Direct Exposure: EVAC/Perimeter Mapping/Containment/Lock-Out/Agent Mitigation D. Primary Treatment Site: EMS / ED / LHD / Private Practices / Dx-Rx • [Adsorption-Absorption-Distribution (Toxico-dynamic) / Metabolism(Toxico-kinetic)-Defenses-Elimination ] • E.Secondary Treatment Site: Hospital / Clinic / FQHC / CHC / LHD / PVT Practice Morbidity and Mortality Acute/ Chronic Injury, illness, or Disease // Death • F. Community Based Dwellings: Home / LTCFs / CIKR Sectors

  7. Basic Structure of a Nuclear Plant Reactor Vessel 4” – 8” Thick High Tensile Steel Reactor Core Rods Fuel Core Neutrons Sustained Rx Containment Building 4’ – 8’ Thick Walls Air Tight Seals Airliner Impact Proof Source: Energy Information Administration

  8. Energy Production Neutron Bombardment Heavy Elements (Uranium or Plutonium) Nuclear Fission2 - 3 Neutrons Sustained Chain Rx + Poisons [Radiation + Heat Energy] H2O  Steam D2O [BWR - 1 loop / PWR - 2 loops] He Gas Liquid Metal Turbo Generators  Electrical Power (Pb / Na) 200 Million Electron Volts

  9. Nuclear Fuel Cycle [Front End] Exploration (uneven distribution) Mining (Uranium Ore 0.05 to 0.3% U308) Open, underground and In Situ Leach Milling (purification/concentration) Dry powder Uranium Oxide U308 “Yellow Cake” is converted into Uranium Hexafluoride (UF6) Enrichment (UO2) 0.7%  4.0% Fissionable isotope U235 and DU (“the enrichment tails”) Fabrication Pellets Sealed Rods

  10. Nuclear Fuel Cycle [Back End] Interim Storage Waste Disposal Reprocessing

  11. ILLINOIS Considerations • Illinois has 11 Nuclear Plants • Wind: West to East Flow Pattern • Earthquake Zone

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