Chris Santos, Sean Tegeder, and Christine Zaky 7A

1. Wind Power Chris Santos, Sean Tegeder, and Christine Zaky 7A

2. What is Wind? • A natural source of energy. • A power source that a essential part of the weather. • Wind is moving air. • Wind is invisible but we can still feel its force. • Wind is a form of solar energy, this is because it is caused by uneven heating in the atmosphere.

3. Where is Wind? • Wind is all around us. The best places for wind farms are: • Coastal Areas • Tops of Rounded Hills • Open Plains • Gaps and Mountains

4. Advantages of Wind Energy • Wind is a free source, so wind farms need no fuel. • It produces no waste or greenhouse gases. • The land beneath can usually still be used for farming. • Wind farms can be tourist attractions. • A good method of supplying energy to remote areas. • Wind energy is also a renewable source.

5. Disadvantages of Wind Energy • The wind is not always predictable. The force varies. • Suitable areas for wind farms are usually near the coast, where land is very expensive. • Wind turbines are dangerous for birds. Migrating birds tend to like strong winds. • Can affect television reception. • When wind turbines are being manufactured, some pollution is produced. • The cost of wind turbines are very high. Wind turbines in 2007 ranged from 1.4 million dollars. • This can be very noisy. These disadvantagescankeepwind power from widespread use.

6. How do you use wind energy • Wind turbines change kinetic energy into mechanical energy. • With mechanical energy you can do certain tasks, such as pumping water. • Then a generator can change mechanical energy into electricity to power homes, schools, businesses etc.

7. Anemometer: measures wind speed and transmits wind speed data to a controller. • Blades: Wind moves over it and causes the blades to rotate. • Rotor: The blades and hub together. • Tower: The tower is make from tubular steel, concrete, steel lattice. • Brake: A disc brake to stop the rotor in emergencies. • Wind Vane- measures wind direction and communicates with the yaw drive. Parts of the Wind Turbine

8. Controller: starts and shuts off the machines. • Gear box: gears connects the low speed shaft to the high speed shaft to increase the rotational speeds. • Generator: produces 60- cycle AC electricity. • High speed shafts: drives the generator. • Low speed shafts: rotor turns on the low speed shaft at about 30-60 rpm. • Yaw drive: used to keep the rotor facing into the wind as the wind direction changes. Parts of the Wind Turbine

9. How the wind turbine works • Wind Turbines • http://www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/wind_how.html • The shape of the blade causes the wind pressure to be uneven. This causes the blade to spin generating electricity. • The blades connect to a shaft that rotates 18 RPM. • The shaft is connected to gears that rotate 1800 RPM.

10. Wind power is renewed easily because it comes from wind which is a natural source of energy and it is naturally replenished everyday. HOW IS IT STORED? • Batteries- hold electricity produced even if the turbine is not running. It is stored instead of going directly to power lines. • Compressed Air- energy generated from the turbines is then converted into compressed air. This is stored in above ground tanks and underground caverns. How Wind Power is Renewed and stored

11. Vertical Axis Wind turbines ( VAWT)- • Has the main rotor shaft arranged vertically. • Does not need to be pointed to the wind. • The generator and other components can be placed near the ground so the tower doesn’t need to support it. • Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT)- • It has the main rotor shaft and electrical generator at the top of the tower. • They must be facing the wind. Types of Wind Turbines

12. The costs and concerns of wind turbines keep it from widespread use. Costs • The costs for a commercial wind turbine in 2007 ranged from 1.2 million dollars to 2.6 million dollars per MW. • The price has dropped in the past 10 years, but it still costs a lot. 80% is machinery and 20% is site preparation and installation. Costs and Concerns

13. Fun Facts • Wind energy in 2007 was 1% of the United States energy. • The leading country to produce the most wind energy is Germany, followed by Spain, then the U.S.A. • 74,000 megawatts is the capacity of wind farms in the world. • Blades measure on average to be 130 feet. • Wind is named after the direction from which it comes. • It follows global and seasonal patterns.

14. What are two ways wind energy can be stored? Batteries and Compressed Air. • Why is wind energy easily replenished? Wind is a natural source of energy that occurs everyday. • What are two types of wind turbines? Horizontal axis wind turbine and vertical axis wind turbine. • Where are the best places for wind farms? (name at least two) Coastal areas, tops of rounded hills, open plains, gaps and mountains. • Wind is a form of ______ energy and is caused by _______ heating in the atmosphere. uneven solar REVIEW

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