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Patrick Bebie 7A Libby Coughlin 7A Charlie Giganti 7A

Coal. What do you think coal is?. Patrick Bebie 7A Libby Coughlin 7A Charlie Giganti 7A. What is coal?. Definition- coal is solid brittle carbonaceous black sedimentary rock that burns and is used for produces electricity and heating homes.

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Patrick Bebie 7A Libby Coughlin 7A Charlie Giganti 7A

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  1. Coal What do you think coal is? Patrick Bebie 7A Libby Coughlin 7A Charlie Giganti 7A

  2. What is coal? • Definition- coal is solid brittle carbonaceous black sedimentary rock that burns and is used for produces electricity and heating homes. • It is renewed through burning it into a new type of energy • Uses • Burned to produce electricity • Power trains • Heat and power homes • Synthetic natural gas production • Fertilizer products production

  3. Classes of coal • Lignite • Subbituminous • Bituminous • Anthracite

  4. LIGNITE • Lignite - a dark brown to black combustible mineral formed over millions of years by the particle decomposition of plant material subject to increased pressure and temperature in airless atmosphere. • Price- $18.76 per ton • Abundant and accessible • Mostly relied on for electricity • Has about 7000 btu/lb. • Lignite –generated electricity usually doesn’t cost much. • Found in coal mines • 70% carbon

  5. Sub-bituminous • AKA- black lignite • 42%-52% carbon • 8,200-11,200 btu/lb • Used in country such as the U.S and Russia. • Formation dates back 251million years ago.

  6. Bituminous • AKA- soft coal • Most abundant form of coal. • Burning this coal causes air pollution • when it releases high sulfur content, this causes acid rain. • Acid rain is rain that has high content of sulfuric acid. • 80% carbon • Divided into high-volatile, low-volatile and medium-volatile -volatile- easliy evaporated at normal temperature

  7. anthracite • This is the hardest coal. • Gives off an amazing amount of heat when burned • Has very low abundance in the world. • 90% carbon • Most commonly found in Pennsylvania. • Oldest coal.

  8. COAL MINING • Mining methods are either mined from the surface or underground. • Miners mine underground in coal shafts, machines crank coal to the surface. • Surface mining • Mined about 200 ft. from the surface. • Two types: mountain top removal and contour mining. • Machines are used to mine in both types. How Do They Do It?- Coal #7FCBA

  9. Advantages of coal • Most abundant source of energy. • Most inexpensive compared to other fossil fuels. • Burning coal creates useful by-products used in other industries • Electricity from coal energy is reliable. • Coal is not based on many variables such as weather, therefore, it is more reliable than alternative energy sources such as solar and wind energy. • Coal is safely stored so it’s able to be obtained and used during an energy crisis, such as a huge mine explosion.

  10. Disadvantages • To mine, mines must be created to get the most used energy source used to warm homes • Transporting coal uses automobiles and locomotives which causes the release of greenhouse gases • Since coal is non- renewable we will eventually run out of it. Therefore our government pays millions of dollars to find an alternative energy source • When coal is burned it releases the most greenhouse gases out of any other energy source • Burning coal is a huge concern due to the levels of arsenic and carbon monoxide. Therefore it can poison water supply or poison animals and humans. • Mining results in nature being destroyed and fatalities.

  11. By-Products of Coal • Chemical by Products of coal consist of baking soda, laughing gas, and fertilizers. • The Gas from coal consists of sulfur, particle found in paint, and street lightning • The coke from coal consist of fuel, carbon dioxide, sugar substitutes, and gasoline products • Coal Tar by products consist of paint thinners, roofing, wood preservatives, and paving

  12. Coal Around America • Coal is found in the U.S. in the Midwest, southwest, and the Appellation States. • There is more than 1. 07 billion coal mined in the U.S. • Coal is used to produce 54% of our electricity s

  13. Fun FACTS • If anthracite is left in the ground and is heated and pressurized it will eventually turn into a diamond. • Coal was formed 300 million years ago. • Coal has been used since 1,100 B.C. in China. • Coal is mined in 100 countries.

  14. Bibliography "Fossil-fuels.co.uk." Fossil-fuels.co.uk. Web. 09 Mar. 2012. <http://fossil-fuels.co.uk/coal/advantages-of-coal>. "How Do They Do It?: Coal Mining." The Science Channel. Web. 09 Mar. 2012. <http://science.discovery.com/videos/how-do-they- do-it-coal-mining.html>. Www.geotech.com. Experts from Rocktalk, 5 Nov. 2005. Web. 29 Feb. <www.geotch.com/survey/geotech/ coal.pdf>. Peckham, Alexander. Resources Control. New York: Gloucester, 1990. Print. Rau, Dana Meachen. Alternative Energy: Beyond Fossil Fuels. Mankato, MN: Compass Point, 2010. Print. Orme, Helen. Energy for the Future. New York, NY: Bearport Pub., 2008. Print.

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